TLR4 and LPS

Question 1

Innate system is activated when

Answer 1

PPR on innate cells recognise PAMP

Question 2

how many TLRs

Answer 2

10

Question 3

TLRs are one of the most

Answer 3

important type of PRR

Question 4

3 domains of LPS

Answer 4

lipid A

core oligosaccharide

O side chain

Question 5

Lipid A

Answer 5

main PAMP

Question 6

TLR4 and LPS pathway

Answer 6

1) LPS binding protein (LBP) binds to LPS
2) this facilitates association between LPS and CD14
3) CD14 facilitates transfer of LPS to the TLR4/MD2 receptor complex and modulates recognition
4) MD-2 is non-covalently associated with TLR4
5) MD-2 forms complex with LPS - activating TLR4

Question 7

what is recognised by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its co-receptor MD-2 on host cells

Answer 7

lipid A component of LPS is recognised (Kawai 2010)

Question 8

recognition of LPS by TLR4 stimulates which pathways

Answer 8

MyD88 dependent pathway

MyD88 independent pathway

Question 9

MyD88 dependent pathway

Answer 9

produces pro-inflammatory cytokines

Question 10

MyD88 independent pathway stimulates

Answer 10

TRIF

Question 11

TRIF pathway

Answer 11

produced Type 1 interferons

Question 12

Type 1 interferons

Answer 12

stop DNA synthesis

Question 13

both MyD88 and TRIF pathways cause production of

Answer 13

NF-Kb