Immune Cells

Question 1

how many lineages does the hematopoietic stem cell lineage have

Answer 1

3

Question 2

what are the three lineages of the HSC

Answer 2

• myeloid
• lymphoid
• erythroid

Question 3

myeloid lineage cells

Answer 3

• mast
• basophil
• neutrophil
• macrophage
• dendritic
• eosinophils

Question 4

which myeloid cells protect epithelia surfaces

Answer 4

basophils, mast cells and eosinophils

Question 5

mast cell

Answer 5

sentinel role

Question 6

basophils and eosinophils

Answer 6

circulating cells recruited from blood streams

Question 7

neutrophils

Answer 7

destroy internalised micro-organisms by delivering them to cytotoxic part within cell
- typically function in immune defence against pathogens too large to be internalised

Question 8

on activation, neutrophils

Answer 8

release content of their granules to the exterior thereby creating a hostile environment for pathogens

Question 9

basophils and mast cells

Answer 9

release histamines to mediate allergic and inflammatory responses such as coughing, sneezing and vomiting

–> these expulsive responses may be evolved to expel parasites

Question 10

phagocytic cels

Answer 10

neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cell

Question 11

dendritic cells

Answer 11

engulf pathogens, internalise them and then present parts of the pathogen on its CSM to present to T lymphocytes in the lymph nodes

Question 12

neutrophils (granulocytes) are …

what happens after differentiation?

Answer 12

front line effector cells of innate immunity

-after differentiation they circulate for a few hours before entering tissues to engulf pathogens

Question 13

macrophages

Answer 13

ar long lived cells that proved ‘immune surveillance’- derived from monocytes that circulate in the blood, differentiating as they leave the blood stream

Question 14

dendritic cells

Answer 14

• involved in the induction of the adaptive immune system
• as immature cells they operate as phagocytes but rather than destroying the micro-organisms they ingest, their function is to display ingested particles on their surface for recognition by T lymphocytes

Question 15

mega-karyocyte and erythroblasts are both

Answer 15

part of erythroid lineage

Question 16

mega-karyocytes differentiate into

Answer 16

platelets

Question 17

erythroblasts differentiate into

Answer 17

erythrocytes

Question 18

granulocytes

Answer 18

• neutrophil
• eosinophil
• basophil
• mast cell
• monocyte

Question 19

monocytes are precursors for

Answer 19

macrophages

Question 20

B cells and T cells and NK cells are part of

Answer 20

lymphoid progenitor

Question 21

B cells mature in the

Answer 21

bone marrow

Question 22

T cells mature in the

Answer 22

thymus

Question 23

B cell differentiation into

Answer 23

plasma cells - effector cell in the lymph nodes

Question 24

T cells become

Answer 24

activated T cells in the lymph notes

Question 25

Nk cells become activated in the

Answer 25

lymph nodes

Question 26

when do immature dendritic cells mature

Answer 26

when they pass from the tissues to the lymph noes