Immune cells- pictures

Question 1

WBCs are

Answer 1

much less common than RBC

Question 2

How many types of WBC (leucocyte)?

Answer 2

5

Question 3

these 5 main types of leucocyte are divided into 2 main classes

Answer 3

Granulocytes

Agranulocytes

Question 4

Granulocytes

Answer 4

Basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils

Question 5

Agranulocytes

Answer 5

Lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 6

all white blood cells are able to move like

Answer 6

amoeba, and can migrate out of the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues

Question 7

what is the commonist type of WBC

Answer 7

neutrophils

Question 8

neutrophils make up

Answer 8

60-70% of the total amount of BWC

Question 9

function of neutrophil

Answer 9

Neutrophils are born in the bone marrow. They circulate in the blood for 6-10 hours, and then enter the tissues. They are motile, and phagocytic and will destroy damaged tissue and bacteria. They self destruct after one burst of activity.

They are important in inflammatory reactions.

Question 10

Sturcutre of neutrophil

Answer 10

A single nucleus, which is multilobed

2-5 lobes

Question 11

How common are eosinophils

Answer 11

not common- make up 1-6% of the total white blood cell

Question 12

function of eosinophils

Answer 12

These cells are born in the bone marrow, and migrate from the peripheral blood system after a few hours, into loose connective tissue in the respiratory and gastointestinal tracts. They phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes. They also produce histaminase, and aryl suphatase B, two enzymes that inactivate two inflammatory agents released by mast cells. A high eosinophil blood count may indicate an allergic reaction.

Eosinophils are also important in killing parasitic worms.

Question 13

structure of eosinophils

Answer 13

• larger than neutrophiils and 3 x the size of RBC
• 2 lobes to nucleus

Question 14

basophils are

Answer 14

the rarerst tyoe of WBC- make up 1%

Question 15

function of basophils

Answer 15

These cells are involved in immune responses to parasites. They have IgE receptors and the granules are released when the cells bind IgE. These cells also accumulate at sites of infection, and the release of prostaglandins, serotonin and histamine help to increase blood flow to the area of damage, as part of the inflammatory response. The degranulation - release of histamine also plays a role in allergic reactions such as hay fever.

Question 16

structure of basophil

Answer 16

• contains many granules and bilobed nuclues.

Question 17

Lymphocytes are

Answer 17

the second most common WBC (20-50%)

Question 19

B cells develop and mature

Answer 19

in the bone marrow

Question 20

T cells are born in the

Answer 20

bone marrow and mature in the tymus

Question 21

B cells develop into

Answer 21

plasma cells and make antibodies

Question 22

T cells

Answer 22

attack viruses, cancer cells and transplants

Question 23

Structure of Lymphocyte

Answer 23

• small but biigger than RBC
• lymphocytes can look like monocytes, except the lymphocytes do not have a kidney-bean shaped nucleus
• smaller than monocytes
• larger lymphocytes are activated lymphocytes

Question 24

Monocytes are

Answer 24

the third most common type of WBC- 2-10% of leucocytes are monocytes

Question 25

function of monocytes

Answer 25

Monocytes in the circulation are precursors of tissue macrophages that are actively phagocytic. Monocytes circulate in the blood for 1-3 days, and then migrate into body tissues, where they transform into macrophages. They will phagocytose dead cells and bacteria. Some monocytes can also transform into osteoclasts.

Monocytes are important in the inflammatory response.

Question 26

structure of monocyte

Answer 26

Largest type of WBC

• large eccentrically placed nucleus, which is kidney bean shaped