Thyroid Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the different thyroid hormones secreted

A
  • Thyroxine (T4)
  • Triiodothyronine (T3)
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2
Q

what are T4 and T3 attached to

A

Both are attached to proteins called globulins. This restricts both hormones from diffusing directly into any cell throughout the body.

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3
Q

how are T4 and T3 made

A

Both hormones are produced in the thyroid using “trapped iodine” from food, water and the amino acid tyrosine.

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4
Q

how do T3 and T4 unbind from their partner proteins

A

An enzyme will break the bond between the hormone and protein allowing T3 to T4 to diffuse into the cell.

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5
Q

why can T3 and T4 be associated with acting as steroid hormones

A

Both thyroid hormones work like steroid hormones as they are lipid-loving and hydrophobic.

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6
Q

why are T3 and T4 not classified as steroid hormones if they work like them

A

Due to their chemical makeup.

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7
Q

what are the five functions of T3 and T4

A
  1. Stimulates heart rate and contraction
  2. Stimulates the synthesis of proteins and carbohydrates
  3. Influence mood or behaviour
  4. Increases respiratory rate
  5. Increase metabolic rate
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