Mitochondrial DNA as Biochemical Evidence Flashcards
1
Q
What is mitochondrial DNA?
A
Cirulular molecules of DNA found in the mitochondria of the cells, rather than in the nucleus.
2
Q
How many genes is mitochondrial DNA made up of?
A
37 genes.
3
Q
What are the functions of these genes?
A
- 24 genes code for rRNA used in protein synthesis.
- 13 genes code for enzymes used in cellular respiration.
4
Q
Who is mitochondrial DNA inherited from?
A
Mothers.
5
Q
How can Mitochrondiral DNA be used as evidence?
A
Mitochondrial DNA has a higher rate of mutation than nuclear DNA. This mutation is proportional to the length of time that has passed. Therefore the degree of mutation can be used to determine the closeness of the relationship between species.
