Endocrine System Flashcards
what is the endocrine system
The endocrine system is made up of a series of glands that secrete chemical messengers called hormones.
what are the main groups of hormones
- proteins
- amines
- steriods
what are the two types of hormones that function the same way
proteins and amines
what are exocrine glands
Exocrine glands work where they are situated. These glands secrete hormones into a duct that carries the secretions to the body’s surface or cavity.
what are two examples of exocrine glands
- tear glands (lachrymal)
- salivary glands
what are endocrine glands
Endocrine glands don’t work where they are situated. These glands do not have ducts. They secrete hormones into the extracellular fluid surrounding the gland. Hormones are then carried via the bloodstream to target cells or organs.
what are 11 examples of endocrine glands
- pineal gland
- hypothalamus
- pituitary gland
- thyroid gland
- parathyroid gland
- adrenal glands
- kidneys
- pancreas
- ovaries
- uterus
- testes
why do hormones need to be specific
Hormones need to be specific because they are secreted directly into the bloodstream and carried to every cell in the body. However, because of hormone specificity, it will only affect certain cells called the target cells.
what is a hormone demonstrating its specificity
An example is FSH only affecting the follicles in a females ovary
what are the two parts the pituitary gland consists of
- anterior lobe
- posterior lobe
what is the structure found directly above the pituitary gland
the hypothalamus
what is the structure replicating the pituitary gland’s neck?
the infundibulum
what six hormones does the anterior lobe secrete in the pituitary gland
- follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- luteinising hormone
- adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
- Prolactin
- growth hormone
what two hormones do the posterior lobe secrete in the pituitary gland
- oxytocin
- antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
