The Energy Systems Flashcards
What is the Anaerobic System?
The Anaerobic System is an Energy system in the body that comprises of two types of Energy: ATP-PC and Lactic Acid.
What is the Aerobic System?
The Aerobic System is an energy system that powers the muscles via Cellular Respiration. It provides more ATP output than the Anaerobic System, though the Aerobic System takes a little more time to completely start up.
How much ATP does the ATP/PC system produce?
It produces 1 ATP. It also has a max runtime of around 10 seconds before it needs to replenish.
How much ATP does Glycolysis [Lactic Pathway] produce?
It produces 2 ATP, double the amount of the ATP/PC system. This system takes roughly 90 seconds to deplete.
How much ATP does Cellular Respiration produce?
It produces roughly 36 ATP, and has the ability to continue indefinitely or until the body gets tired. As long as there’s Oxygen, this system will never run dry.
What are the 3 Sub-pathways [Stages] in Cellular Respiration?
Glycolysis: Essentially same as in the Anaerobic Lactic pathway with the exception that in the presence of Oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted to acetyl CoA rather than Lactic Acid. This compound is used in-
Krebs Cycle: 8 Chemical reactions create Two ATP molecules (via CoA). These along with new high energy electrons are created. The electrons get sent to the Mitochondria for-
Electron Transport Chain: Lots of ATP is made with CO2 and H2O being the by-products.
What is the most common Macronutrients used for ATP production?
Lipids and Carbs are the most used in Energy systems. This is mostly due to their ability to be broken down and metabolized faster than proteins.
Proteins can also be used but they’re used in dire situations due to it being more difficult to utilize.
How many Cal/g are found in Carbohydrates?
Approximately 4.1 Cal/g of Carbs. It is the simplest and quickest Macronutrient to break down.
How many cal/g are found in Proteins?
Approximately 4.3 Cal/g are found in Protein. It gets converted into Glucose in the Liver, though it’s only used when Carbs and Fats aren’t presently available.
How many Cal/g do Lipids contain?
They are found in the Mitochondria.
They store approximately 9.3 Cal/g. They are mostly used when Carbs are depleted.
