Bones (Human Skeleton) Flashcards
L5.2
What are the 5 types of bone in the human body?
Long Bones, Short Bones, Flat Bones, Irregular Bones, Sesamoid Bones
What are long bones?
Long bones are well, long bones.
Think of the Femur.
What are Short Bones?
Short bones are short. They are commonly found in the wrist
Think of the Carpals and the ankles.
What are Flat Bones?
They are flat and thin.
Typically found at roof of the skull.
What are Irregular Bones?
Typically odd/irregular looking bones for instance, the sphenoid bone or the vertebrae.
What are Sesamoid Bones?
They are unusual, small, flat bones wrapped within tendons that move over bony surfaces.
Think of the Patella/Kneecap.
What is the Axial Skeleton?
Think of it like the centre/torso Bones. it covers the range between the skull and the coccyx
What is the appendicular skeleton?
Basically everything else.
What is the Axial skeleton comprised of?
Comprised of around 80 bones.
Comprised mainly of the vertebral column (the spine), much of the skull, and the rib cage.
Most of the body’s core muscles are built around the axial skeleton.
These core muscles help stabilize and support the axial skeleton, thus providing proper posture and alignment.
What is the appendicular skeleton comprised of?
The appendicular skeleton is comprised of 126 bones.
Includes the movable limbs and their supporting structures (girdles), which play a key role in allowing us to move.
What are the six regions the appendicular skeleton can be divided into?
Pectoral Girdle, Arms and Forearms, Hands, Pelvis, Thighs and legs, and Feet and Ankles.
What are Fractures?
“Bone breaks”. Typically sorted into three types: Simple, Compound and Comminuted.
What’s a stress fracture?
Tiny cracks caused by a rapid increase in activity or when an athlete switches training surfaces or wears footwear with improper cushioning.
What are Shin splints?
a painful condition occurring on the medial or lateral side of the tibia (shin bone)—are another common sports injury.
Whats Osteoperosis?
It’s essentially a preventable condition that weakens your bones and can cause them to fracture faster than a pencil.
It’s usually caused by a lack of Calcium and Vitamin D at a relatively young age.
Can be avoided by doing weight bearing exercises to strengthen the bones, avoiding dirty habits like smoking/drinking and HAVING CALCIUM AND Vitamin D.
