Pre-Agricultural Societies Flashcards
L2.1
What was the first civilization to pursue Physical Activity?
Ancient Greece was the first civilization to pursue physical activity for the sake of physical and mental benefits.
Ancient Greeks believed that the gods bestowed extraordinary powers upon athletes.
When were the First Olympic Games held?
The first recorded Olympic Games were held in Athens in 776 BCE.
The first games featured only one event - a foot race.
Other spots were introduced later on.
What was an Olympic Truce?
An Olympic Truce allowed athletes to travel safely to Athens and back without fear of an enemy attack.
What did the Romans do to the Olympic Tradition?
Mainland Greece was integrated in the Roman Empire in B.C 50 - A.D. 500.
The Romans continued the original Olympic Traditions but favoured more brutal sporting events (gladiatorial combat).
The Olympic Games waned when the Roman Empire began losing it’s influence.
When did Modern Olympic Revival occur?
Around A.D 1896.
What key things happened during the Renaissance?
Renaissance era people began to have more interest in Greek and Roman culture.
Athleticism again became a social ideal.
The study of Human Anatomy and Physiology began to be more intensified.
Who is Vittorino da Feltre?
Vittorino is a renaissance era Italian physician.
He started the first childhood Phys-Ed classes in 1420!
What happened in the Industrial Era?
[Agricultural economies began shifting towards what we see now.]
Populations grew and the middle class emerged.
The middle class wanted to join the upper class in leisure pursuits (like sports).
Popular rec exercises included biking, horseback riding boating and swimming.
(Time limits were set on spectator sports such as cricket, football and tennis to accommodate the schedule of workers).
What was the Victorian Attitude towards sport?
The Victorian ideal of ‘amateurism’ excluded lower classes from participating in sport.
Sport was seen as a way to develop manly character and camaraderie among the privileged classes.
The Victorian ideal of ‘gentleman athlete’ excluded women because they believed too much physical activity would harm a woman’s delicate constitution.
What was the story of Physical Education in the Victorian Era?
It was viewed as vital to a privileged young man’s education.
Phys-ed & Sport became a growing part of the British (Private) school system.
Victorian Young men brought their sports to British colonies like Canada.
In upper Canada in the 1840s, Dr. Egerton Ryerson established a more accessible public education system that included Phys-Ed.
Indigenous people in the Americas playing sports?
In Aztec society, losers of games similar to modern b basketball were often sacrificed to their gods (id be cooked).
As for ancient Greeks, athletic games were part of religious ceremonies in North American indigenous societies.
Fitness was viewed as helping young warriors gain spiritual fitness.
What are the Arctic Winter Games?
Held every two years, the Artic Games offer high-profile sport competition for northern/arctic athletes.
Some events include snowboarding, table tennis and basketball.
the north American indigenous games encourage equal access to sport and celebrate the aboriginal cultural distinctiveness.
what is NAIG?
north american indigenous games.
held every three years, it celebrates a legacy of sport among north america’s first peoples that goes back thousands of yeats.
historical records indicate that many modern team sports were derived from traditional indigenous games.
What are some of the qualities that physical activity can help young people develop?
honesty, courage, respect for others, a desire for personal excellence, the ability to collaborate with others and gratitude for the guidance of parents, elders and communities.
