Respiration

Question 1

What is External Respiration?

Answer 1

External Respiration are the processes that occur within the lungs. It involved exchange of CO2 and O2.

Question 2

What is Internal Respiration?

Answer 2

Internal Respiration are the processes that occur to Gas exchange at the tissue level. It is where O2/CO2 are Delivered/Removed.

Question 3

What is Cellular Respiration?

Answer 3

Cellular Respiration refers to the processes in which cells use O2 to generate energy (in the Mitochondria).

Aerobic Energy Systems.

Question 4

What is the Conductive Zone?

Answer 4

The Conductive Zone transports filtered air to the lungs.

Question 5

What is the Respiratory Zone?

Answer 5

The Respiratory Zone is where Gas exchange occurs (Alveolar region).

Question 6

What’s Inspiration?

Answer 6

Inspiration is the active process of contracting muscles in order to Inhale.

Question 7

What’s Expiration?

Answer 7

Expiration is the process of Exhaling. It may be Passive (Quiet) or Active (Forceful breathing during exercise).

Question 8

What is Ventilation dependant on?

Answer 8

Ventilation is dependant on stimulation from the CNS, which is why when you take a Depressant (like Alcohol), it suppresses the Ventilation of the Respiratory system, potentially leading to Respiratory arrest.

Question 9

What happens in the Capillaries?

Answer 9

Gases Diffuse.

Question 10

What is Diffusion?

Answer 10

Diffusion is the movement of gas, liquids, or solids from a high concentrated region to a low concentrated region.

Diffusion only happens if a difference of concentration exists.

Called ‘Concentration Gradient’.

Question 11

What’s O2 transport?

Answer 11

It’s the process where O2 is absorbed in lungs and carried to peripheral tissues.

Question 12

What’s CO2 transport?

Answer 12

It’s the process where CO2 in blood is moved to Alveolar sacs for Expiration.

Question 13

What’s VO2 Diff?

Answer 13

VO2 Difference is the difference between the amount of O2 in the Artery and Vein. It reflects the amount of O2 that was delivered to the muscle(s).

Question 14

What’s VO2 Max?

Answer 14

VO2 Max is the maximum amount of Oxygen the body can absorb and utilize during Physical Activity.

Question 15

What are Respiratory Dynamics?

Answer 15

Refers to body responding to increase for Oxygen at working muscles. Correlates to series of responses that attempt to match Oxygen delivery with demand.

Question 16

What’s the ‘Rapid On’ phase?

Answer 16

Rapid On is the first phase where VE (Pulmonary Ventilation) is increased at a rapid rate, almost immediately upon onset of activity.

Question 17

What’s the Second phase?

Answer 17

Characterized by a slower exponential increase from ‘Rapid On’

Question 18

What’s Phase 3?

Answer 18

Characterized by the levelling off (‘Flattening the Curve’) of the VE at a new steady state level.

Question 19

What is the Lag phase?

Answer 19

Lag phase occurs when there is an Oxygen Deficit (O2 Deficit) where the body cannot match the demands instantly as activity increases.

Trained people reach the steady state faster than untrained people.

Question 20

What is the Ventilatory Threshold?

Answer 20

The Ventilatory Threshold is is where Ventilation increases much more rapidly than workload. Normally occurs at 65-85% of VO2 max depending on the individual.

Question 21

What’s Lactate Threshold?

Answer 21

It’s where the increase in demand causes the Aerobic system to need help and call for support from the Anaerobic Lactic system.

This means lactate concentration in the blood begins to increase.

Question 22

What happens when lactate blood levels increase?

Answer 22

When they increase rapidly, it causes: Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation (OBLA).

Question 23

What’s COPD?

Answer 23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), is a general term that describes a family of diseases that lead to a dramatic reduction in airflow through the Respiratory System.

Treatment includes not only medication but also supplemental oxygen therapy for severe cases of COPD, as well as respiratory muscle training.