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APHYS 1 > Taste > Flashcards

Taste Flashcards

1
Q

Papillae

A

The bumps on your tongue

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2
Q

Where are taste buds located?

A

Edges of the papillae
Pallate
Lips
Throat

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3
Q

What are the four types of Papillae?

A

Filiform - filament shaped
Vallate - surrounded by a wall
Fugiform - mushroom-shaped
Foliate - leaf-shaped

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4
Q

Which three papillae are associated with taste?

A

Vallate (largest and fewest of all the papillae)
Fugiform
Foliate

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5
Q

What is the function of filiform papillae?

A

They provide texture so that the tongue can manipulate food

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6
Q

How many taste buds does a person have?

A

10K

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7
Q

How many days does it take for a taste cell to be fully replaced?

A

10

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8
Q

3 cell types that a taste bud contains

A

Taste Cells
Basal Cells
Supporting Cells

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9
Q

What are the structures on the taste cell called?

A

Taste Hairs

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10
Q

What is the taste pore?

A

A tiny opening in the epithelium where the taste hairs can extend through

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11
Q

Tastants

A

Substances that cause taste cells to depolarize

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12
Q

What are the 5 tastants?

A 
Salt
Sour
Sweet
Bitter
Umami
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13
Q

How does Salt depolarize taste cells?

A

Na+ diffuses through Na+ channels

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14
Q

How does sour depolarize taste cells?

A

H+ ions cause depolarization

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15
Q

How do sweet and bitter depolarize taste cells?

A

They bind to receptor molecules on taste cells and use a G Protein mechanism to depolarize

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16
Q

How does umami depolarize taste cells?

A

Amino acids bind to receptors on taste hairs, then use G protein mechanism to depolarize

17
Q

What other factors affect taste?

A

Temperature

Olfaction

18
Q

What are the three nerves that carry taste sensation?

A

Facial Nerve VII (Anterior 2/3 of the tongue)
Glossopharyngeal Nerve IX (Posterior 1/3 of the tongue)
Vagus nerve X (Epiglotis)

19
Q

Chorda Tympani

A

A branch of the facial nerve that transmits taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

20
Q

What is the process for perceiving taste

A

1) Axons of sensory neurons synapse with taste receptors, passing through Cranial Nerves VII, IX, X
2) Axons go to the brain stem and synapse in tractus solitarius
3) Axons synapse in the thalamus
4) Axons terminate in the taste area of the insula.

APHYS 1 (49 decks)

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