Bone repair

Question 1

4 steps of bone repair

Answer 1

1) hematoma formation
2) callus formation
3) Callus ossification
4) Bone remodeling

Question 2

Hematoma

Answer 2

localized mass of blood confined within a space

Question 3

Callus

Answer 3

mass of tissue that forms at a fracture site

connects the broken ends of the bone

Question 4

Internal callus

Answer 4

forms between the ends of the broken bone and in the marrow cavity

Question 5

Nonunion of the bone

Answer 5

If the formation of the internal callus is prevented, two ends of the bone do not rejoin. Must be treated surgically.

Question 6

External callus

Answer 6

forms a collar around opposing ends of bone fragments

Question 7

Callus ossification

Answer 7

cartilage in the external callus is replaced by woven spongy bone

Question 8

Bone remodeling

Answer 8

The woven bone of internal callus and dead bone at the fracture site are completely replaced by compact bone.

Question 9

Comminuted fracture

Answer 9

Bone breaks into more than two pieces

Question 10

Impacted fracture

Answer 10

one fragment is driven into the spongy portion of another fragment

Question 11

Why are Ca2+ levels important?

Answer 11

Function include muscle contraction and membrane potentials

Question 12

How do bones play a role in regulating blood calcium levels?

Answer 12

1) They are a major storage site for calcium

2) Movement of calcium into and out of the bone determine blood levels