Physiology of the ANS

Question 1

What is dual innervation of a single organ?

Answer 1

Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems can innervate the same organ.

Question 2

7 responses of the sympathetic nervous system during exercise

Answer 2

1) Increase heart rate
2) Vasodilation of blood vessels
3) Vasoconstriction of blood vessels in tissues no involved in exercise
4) Dilation of air passageways
5) Increased breakdown of stored energy
6) Body temperature increase
7) Decreased activity of nonessential organs

Question 3

4 activities the parasympathetic division regulates in times of rest

Answer 3

1) digestion
2) defecation and urination
3) lower heart rate and lower blood pressure
4) constricts air passageways

Question 4

2 neurotransmitters of sypathaetic and parasympatheric nerve endings:

Answer 4

1) acetylcholine

2) norephiephrine

Question 5

Cholinergic neuron

Answer 5

A neuron that secrete acteylcholine

All preganglionic neurons in symp and parasymp

All postganglionic neuron in parasymp

Question 6

Adrenergic neuron

Answer 6

A neuron that secretes norephinephrine

Most postganglion neuron in symp

Question 7

Agonists

Answer 7

“stimulating agents” - drugs that bind to specific receptors to activate them

Question 8

Antagonists

Answer 8

“blocking agents” - drugs that bind to specific receptors to inihibt them

Question 9

Cholinergic receptors

Answer 9

Receptors where acetylcholine binds

Question 10

2 types of cholinergic receptors

Answer 10

1) nicotinic receptors

2) muscarinic

Question 11

What type of effect is produced when acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors?

Answer 11

excitatory

Question 12

What type of effect is produced when acetylcholine binds to muscarinic receptors?

Answer 12

exitatory or inhibitory

Question 13

Adrenergic recptor

Answer 13

Receptors where norephinephrine binds

Question 14

2 subcategories of adrenergic receptros

Answer 14

1) alpha receptors

2) beta receptors