Regulation of the ANS

Question 1

Autonomic Reflexes

Answer 1

Adjustments to cardiac muscle, smooth msucle, and glandular tissues in response to stimuli

Question 2

Baroreceptors

Answer 2

Stretch receptors in teh walls of large arteries that detect changes in blood pressure >

Process - send info thru nerves to medulla oblongata > info is integrated in brain > autonomic reflexes changes the heart rate to return to a normal blood pressure

Question 3

Role of the brainstem & spinal cord in autonomic reflexes

Answer 3

Contain important autonomic reflex centers for maintaining homeostasis

Question 4

Which part of the brain is in overall control of the ANS?

Answer 4

The hypothalamus

Question 5

Which part of the hypothalamus produces sympathetic responses?

Answer 5

Posterior hypothalamus

Question 6

Which part of the hypothalamus produces parasympathetic responses?

Answer 6

Anterior hypothalamus

Question 7

The hypothalamus integrates thoughts and emotions. How does that effect responses it produces in the ANS?

Answer 7

Anger can increase blood pressure

Pleasant thoughts/ good can make you salivate

Question 8

Stimulatory v Inhibitory effects

Answer 8

Both the Symp and Parasymp can have stim or inihib effects.

Question 9

Opposite effects

Answer 9

Usually, the ANS dually innervates an effector. When a single structure is innervated, symp and parasymp usually produce opposite effects

Question 10

Cooperative effects

Answer 10

The ANS regulates activity of many structures that cooperate to carry out a specific function

This can by one division working with many different structures, or both division can work with many different structures

Question 11

General v Localized effects

Answer 11

General - many areas of the body are involved

Local - only structures in specific region of body are involved