Summary Of Hormone Production

Question 1

Melatonin

Answer 1

Decreases body temperature, increases drowsiness

Secreted from pineal gland

Question 2

Where is the pineal gland?

Answer 2

Behind the hypothalamus

Outside of the BBB

Question 3

Hypothalamic releasing hormone

Answer 3

Produced by hypothalamus

Regulates secretion of anterior pituitary hormones

Question 4

Oxytocin

Answer 4

Produced by hypothalamus

Regulates milk let down and uterine contractions

Question 5

ADH

Answer 5

Produced in hypothalamus

Regulates reabsorption of water in kidneys

Question 6

Growth hormone

Answer 6

Anterior pituitary

Growth, secretion f IGF-1

Question 7

Prolactin

Answer 7

Produced by anterior pituitary

Develops mammary glands and produces milk

Question 8

TSH

Answer 8

Produced by anterior pituitary

Secretion of thyroid hormones

Question 9

ACTH

Answer 9

Produced by anterior pituitary

Secretion of adrenal cortical hormones

Question 10

FSH

Answer 10

Produced in anterior pituitary

Stimulates development of ovarian follicles/spermatozoa

Question 11

LH

Answer 11

Produced in anterior pituitary

Luteinising hormone - secretion of sex hormones, formation of corpus luteum

Question 12

Where are oxytocin and ADH stored?

Answer 12

Posterior pituitary gland

Question 13

T3 & T4

Answer 13

Produced by thyroid gland

Metabolism, heat, growth, CNS development and maturation

Question 14

Calcitonin

Answer 14

Produced by thyroid gland

Metabolism of calcium and phosphate

Question 15

PTH

Answer 15

Produced by parathyroid glands

Regulate calcium and phosphate metabolism

Question 16

ANP/BNP (atrial/brain natriuretic peptide)

Answer 16

Produced in heart

Regulates sodium excretion in the kidneys

Question 17

IGF-1

Answer 17

Produced in liver

Growth

Question 18

Thrombopoetin

Answer 18

Produced in liver
Produces thrombocytes (platelets)

Question 19

Hepcidin

Answer 19

Produced in liver

Regulates iron metabolism

Question 20

Gastrin

Answer 20

Produced in GI tract

Regulates secretion of HCl in stomach

Question 21

Secretin

Answer 21

Produced in GI tract

Regulates secretion of HCO3 in pancreas

Question 22

CCK

Answer 22

Produced in GI tract

Secretion of enzymes in pancreas and contraction of gall bladder

Question 23

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)

Answer 23

Produced in GI tract

Regulates secretion of HCL in stomach and secretion of insulin

Question 24

GLP-1 GLP-2

Answer 24

Produced in GI tract
Secretion of insulin
Appetite

Question 25

Insulin

Answer 25

Metabolism of glucose, fat and protein | Produced in endocrine pancreas

Question 26

Glucagon

Answer 26

Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis | Produced in endocrine pancreas

Question 27

Aldosterone

Answer 27

Produced in adrenal cortex | Regulates Na/K excretion in kidneys

Question 28

Cortisol

Answer 28

Produced by adrenal cortex | Metabolism & adaptation to stress

Question 29

Androgens

Answer 29

Produced in adrenal cortex (and testes) | Contributes to sex steroids, growth & function of reproduction organs

Question 30

Adrenaline/noradrenaline

Answer 30

Produced in adrenal medulla | Metabolism, cardiac function, adaptation to stres

Question 31

Vit D3 (1,25 OH2)

Answer 31

Produced by kidneys | Calcium absorption from the intestines

Question 32

Ertyropoietin

Answer 32

Produced in kidneys | Produces erythrocytes

Question 33

Renin

Answer 33

ENZYME produced in kidneys | Regulates production of angiotensin 1

Question 34

Oestrogen/progesterone

Answer 34

Produced in ovaries (and in placenta during pregnancy-grows uterus & foetus) Growth and function of reproductive hormones

Question 35

Inhibin

Answer 35

Produced in ovaries | Inhibits FSH secretion

Question 36

Relaxin

Answer 36

Produced in ovaries | Relaxes cervix and pelvic ligaments

Question 37

Chorionic gonadotropin

Answer 37

Produced in placenta | Regulates secretion of sex hormones

Question 38

Leptin

Answer 38

Produced by adipocytes | Decreases appetite

Question 39

Adiponectin

Answer 39

Produced by adipose tissue | Metabolism and angiogenesis (producing new blood vessels)

Question 40

Vascular endothelial growth factor

Answer 40

Produced by adipose tissue | Angiogenesis

Question 41

PTHrP

Answer 41

Produced by most tissues | Regulates calcium metabolism

Question 42

What is acromegaly?

Answer 42

Chronic excess growth hormone

Question 43

Which 6 hormones does the anterior pituitary secrete? FLAT PiG

Answer 43

``` FSH LH ACTH TSH Prolactin GH ```

Question 44

What are the solubility of these hormones: peptide/protein hormones, steroids, AA derivatives, FA compounds

Answer 44

Water Lipid Water/lipid Lipid

Question 45

What are eicosaroids?

Answer 45

Hormones derived by FA compounds. 4 groups: prostaglandins, prostacyclins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes