Locomotion & Proprioception

Question 1

What are gaits?

Answer 1

Manners of walking e.g. walk, trot, canter, gallop

Question 2

What part of the body controls gaits?

Answer 2

Central pattern generator in the spinal cord

Higher senses refine movement but not necessary

Question 3

What are the 3 phases of walking?

Answer 3

Swing phase
Suspension phase
Stance phase

Question 4

What is ataxia?

Answer 4

Lack of voluntary movement (coordination, speech)

Question 5

Proprioception is divided into conscious and unconscious groups. What are the 2 subgroups in either group?

Answer 5

3 neurone system
Complex voluntary movement

2 neurone system
Subconscious proprioception

Question 6

What are examples of subconscious proprioception?

Answer 6

Sitting
Standing
Breathing

Question 7

What is involved in the 3 neurone system of conscious proprioception?

Answer 7

Proprioception
Ganglia
Thalamus
Contralateral somatosensory cortex

Question 8

What is involved in the 2 neurone system of unconscious proprioception?

Answer 8

Proprioceptor
Ganglion
Ipsilateral cerebellum

Question 9

What is an example of a conscious, complex voluntary movement?

Answer 9

Intentional tremor