Lab Animal Welfare Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 Rs?

A

Replacement-methods to replace use of animals e.g. tissue culture
Reduction -minimise animal use
Refinement- improve procedures and handling

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2
Q

What type of research must address the 3 Rs?

A

All licensed vertebrae research

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3
Q

How many procedures can an animal be used on?

A

Only 1

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4
Q

What is ASPA 1986?

A

Animal scientific procedures act

Protect all vertebrae and cephalopods used in testing and research

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5
Q

What is excluded in ASPA 1986?

A

Humane killing using listed methods, momentary pain e.g.routine procedures, treatment for no scientific purpose

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6
Q

In animal testing, the worst possible outcome is represented to show the animals impairment. what are the 4 categories for this?

A

Mild (short lasting, little impairment)
Moderate (moderate pain or long lasting mild)
Severe (death at end point, long lasting moderate pain)
Non-recovery - anaesthesia

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7
Q

The grimace scale for mice is a way to measure pain. How is the scale measured? What does the scale go to?

A
0-2
Orbital tightening
Ear position
Nose bulge
Cheek bulge
Whisker change
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8
Q

How much room does each mouse need?

A

200 cm squared

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9
Q

Animals welfare can be measured in which 3ways?

A

Pathology/clinical signs - although hard to monitor mental health
Physiological stress response e.g. stress hormones/temperature
Behavioural measures -e.g. stereotypes, response to stimuli, anxiety tests

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10
Q

Lab animals are handled often to reduce stress. Why is handling of lab animals so important?

A

Major cause of stress
Can impact results
If impacted results, animal is ‘wasted’

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11
Q

What are the 3 methods of handling mice?

A

Tail handling
Home cage tunnel
Cupping in an opened hand

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12
Q

What is the disadvantage of tail handling?

A

Mice can bite and grip the floor

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13
Q

What is the advantage of home cage tunnels for handling?

A

Familiar

No direct contact

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14
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of cupping on the open hand?

A

Mice may jump

No direct restraint

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15
Q

Mice are most anxious when picked up by the tail. They are least anxious when using the tunnel. When are anxiety tests best done?

A

When the animal is most relaxed

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16
Q

What is barbering?

A

Plucking hair of self or cage mates

17
Q

What causes barbering?

A

Chemical irritation
Boredom
Infestation

18
Q

What stereotypes may be seen in lab mice? What does this reflect?

A

Bar twirling
Jumping
Somersaulting
Motivation to escape -develop from frustration

19
Q

Why are shelters/ free moving nests needed in the cage?

A

Thermoregulation

Predation

20
Q

Why are social groups so important?

A

Can lead to stress

Can result in injury or death

21
Q

How do mice prefer to be grouped?

A

With familiar members

22
Q

In the wild, who do mice live with?

A

Extended family

23
Q

Male mice are territorial. How is aggression in lab mice reduced?

A

Inbreeding

Similar smelling mice leads to less aggression