Canine GI Anatomy

Question 1

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 1

A serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and enveloping organs

Question 2

What is the visceral peritoneum?

Answer 2

The serous membrane lining/enveloping organs

Question 3

What is the parietal peritoneum?

Answer 3

The serous membrane lining the abdominal wall

Question 4

What does the parietal peritoneum extend through?

Answer 4

The inguinal canal

Potential space/aponeurosis between IAO and EAO

Question 5

What are the four types of connecting peritoneum?

Answer 5

Mesentry
Omentum
Fold
Ligament

Question 6

What does mesentry peritoneum connect?

Answer 6

Bowl to body wall

Question 7

What does omentum peritoneum connect?

Answer 7

Stomach to another structure

Question 8

What does a fold peritoneum connect?

Answer 8

An organ/bowel to another

Question 9

What does a ligament connect?

Answer 9

Connect organ to the body wall/bowel

Question 10

What is topographical anatomy? What is it defined by?

Answer 10

The relationship of organs within the abdomen

Defined by connecting peritoneum

Question 11

What defines the abdominal cavity cranially and laterally?

Answer 11

Diaphragm cranially

Lateral - abdominal walls

Question 12

What defines the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 12

The potential space between the parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum

Question 13

What is peritonitis?

Answer 13

A build up of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Question 14

Where does the diaphragm attach to the body and where does it extend to?

Answer 14

Attached at last rib

Extends to 5th intercostal space

Question 15

What does the aorta pass through in the diaphragm?

Answer 15

The aortic hiatus (between L/R crura)

Question 16

What does the caudal vena cava pass through in the diaphragm?

Answer 16

The caval foramen

In central tendon

Question 17

How does the oesophagus pass through the diaphragm?

Answer 17

Through the oesophageal hiatus

Question 18

What is the colon?

Answer 18

The large intestine

Question 19

How many lobes does a liver have? What are they called?

Answer 19

4

Left, right, caudate and quadrate

Question 20

What is the papillary process of the liver?

Answer 20

A part of the caudate lobe

Question 21

In dogs, what is the L and R lobe of the liver split into?

Answer 21

Medial part

Lateral part

Question 22

Which species does not have a gall bladder?

Answer 22

Horse

Question 23

What is the function of the gall bladder?

Answer 23

To store bile produced by the liver

Question 24

What is the function of bile?

Answer 24

To emulsify fats

Question 25

What are the peritoneal attachments of the liver?

Answer 25

Coronary ligament L&R triangular ligament Falciform (round ligament)

Question 26

Which side of the body is the stomach on?

Answer 26

Right

Question 27

What are the 3 parts to the stomach?

Answer 27

Fundus Corpus Pylorus

Question 28

What is the fundus of the stomach?

Answer 28

A blind ending

Question 29

What is the corpus of the stomach?

Answer 29

Body

Question 30

What is the pylorus/pyloric atrium?

Answer 30

Exit of the stomach

Question 31

Why does the pylorus produce mucous?

Answer 31

To prevent acid in the duodenum

Question 32

What are the peritoneal attachments of the stomach?

Answer 32

``` Greater omentum (mobile) Lesser omentum (hepato gastric ligament) Gastro splenic ligament ```

Question 33

What is the omental bursa?

Answer 33

The potential space between the greater and lesser omentum

Question 34

What side of the abdomen is the spleen on?

Answer 34

Left

Question 35

What is the peritoneal attachment for the spleen?

Answer 35

Gastro splenic ligament

Question 36

What does the spleen do?

Answer 36

Act as a blood reservoir | Where the white blood cells mature

Question 37

Why are spleens abnormally enlarged during dissections?

Answer 37

Due to barbiturate euthanasia

Question 38

What are the peritoneal attachments for the duodenum?

Answer 38

Mesoduodenum Duodeno colic fold Hepato duodenal ligament (lesser omentum)

Question 39

What is the major and minor duodenal papilla?

Answer 39

Where bile exits | An accessory duct)

Question 40

The pancreas has two lobes. What are they? What direction do they run?

Answer 40

Left - medial to lateral | Right - cranial to caudal

Question 41

What are the peritoneal attachments of each lobe of the pancreas?

Answer 41

L lobe - deep leaf of greater omentum | R lobe - mesoduodenum

Question 42

What connective peritoneum covers the duodenum?

Answer 42

The greater omentum

Question 43

What is the peritoneal attachment for the jejunum?

Answer 43

The meso jejunum mesentry | Fan shaped

Question 44

The ileum attaches to the caecum. What does caecum mean and what is it’s peritoneal attachments?

Answer 44

Blind ending | Ileo caecal fold

Question 45

What are the sharp turns of the colon called?

Answer 45

Flexures

Question 46

Describe the shape of the colon and the flexures involved

Answer 46

``` Ascends right Right colic flexures Transverse Left colic flexures Descends left to rectum ```

Question 47

What are the peritoneal attachments of the colon?

Answer 47

Mesocolon to dorsal body wall