Differences Between Hindlimbs

Question 1

In a dog, the wings of the ilium are diverging. In cats, the wings are parallel. In large animals, how are the wings of the ilium arranged?

Answer 1

Diverging laterally

Horizontal

Question 2

What are the 2 tuberosities on the proximal part of the wing of each ilium called?

Answer 2

Tuber sacral in centre

Tuber coxae

Question 3

How many tuberosities are on each wing of the ilium in a horse and an ox?

Answer 3

2 - horse

1 - ox

Question 4

What does the accessory ligament do and where does it insert? What species is it found in?

Answer 4

Limits abduction
Acetubular fossa
Horse

Question 5

Which ligaments attach into the acetabular notch?

Answer 5

Accessory (horse only- hence bigger notch)

Round

Question 6

How many acetabular notches are there in an ox?

Answer 6

2

Question 7

What is the name of the ligament running from the ilium wings to the ischium? What species is it found in?

Answer 7

Broad/ sacrotuberous ligament

All (thin in dogs)

Question 8

Why do large animals, in particular horses, have a deep fovea capitas?

Answer 8

To fit in the round and accessory (horse only) ligament

Question 9

How many parts are there to the greater trochanter in horses? What are they called?

Answer 9

2
Cranial
Caudal

Question 10

Where is the 3rd trochanter found?

Answer 10

Under the greater trochanter

Question 11

How many parts are there to the greater trochanter in an ox?

Answer 11

1

Question 12

Above the condyles, there is a depression. What is this called and what is it for?

Answer 12

Suprachondylar depression

For superficial digital flexor

Question 13

What is in between the medial and lateral trochlear ridge of the femur?

Answer 13

Trochlea/patellar surface

Question 14

What is in between the condyles of the femur?

Answer 14

Intercondylar fossa

Question 15

What is different about the horses medial trochlear ridge?

Answer 15

Much larger than other species

Question 16

In the tibia, what is between the medial and lateral condyles?

Answer 16

Intercondylar eminence

Question 17

What are the differences between the fibula of a dog, horse and ox?

Answer 17

Dog has entire fibular
Horse fibular fuses with tibia half way down body
Ox only has remnant of fibula

Question 18

In large animals, what is different about the calcaneus?

Answer 18

It is angled

Question 19

In a horse, which metatarsal bones are fused? How many metatarsals are in a horse tarsus?

Answer 19

1 & 2

6

Question 20

In a dog, how many tarsal bones are there?

Answer 20

7

Question 21

In an ox, how many tarsal bones are there?

Answer 21

5

Question 22

In a horse, how many metatarsal bones are there?

Answer 22

3

2,3,4

Question 23

Which bones are fused in the cow tarsus?

Answer 23

2 &3

Central & 4th