Story 22 Flashcards
엠마가 아파요
Emma is sick.
아프다: Adjective meaning “to be sick” or “to be in pain.”
아프-: Stem of “아프다.”
-아요: Informal polite ending (used because 아프다 has ㅏ as the main vowel).
엠마는 몸이 좋지 않습니다.
Emma’s body is not in good condition.” (A formal way to say “Emma is unwell.”)
몸: Noun meaning “body.”
좋지 않습니다 (좋다 + -지 않다): Negative form of “to be good.”
좋다: Adjective meaning “to be good.”
-지 않다: Grammar pattern for negation (“not”).
-습니다: Formal polite ending.
그녀는 두통과 인후통을 느낍니다.
She feels a headache and a sore throat.
두통 (頭痛) = “Headache”
頭 (머리 두): “Head.”
痛 (아플 통): “Pain.”
과: Formal conjunction meaning “and” (used in writing).
인후통 (咽喉痛) = “Sore throat”
咽 (목구멍 인): “Throat.”
喉 (목구멍 후): “Larynx” or “throat.”
痛 (아플 통): “Pain.”
느낍니다 (느끼다 + -ㅂ니다): Formal verb meaning “feels.”
또한 그녀는 재채기를 많이 합니다.
In addition, she sneezes a lot.
또한: Adverb meaning “also” or “in addition.”
재채기: Noun meaning “sneeze.”
많이: Adverb meaning “a lot” or “frequently.”
합니다 (하다 + -ㅂ니다): Formal verb meaning “does.”
그녀는 병원에 가기로 결정합니다.
She decides to go to the hospital.
병원 (病院) = “Hospital”
病 (병 병): “Illness” or “sickness.”
院 (집 원): “Institution” or “building.”
가기로 결정합니다 (가다 + -기로 결정하다)
Verb phrase meaning “decides to go.”
가다: Verb meaning “to go.”
-기로 결정하다: Grammar pattern meaning “to decide to do something.”
-ㅂ니다: Formal polite ending
그녀는 의사에게 그녀가 어떻게 느끼는지 설명합니다.
She explains to the doctor how she feels.
의사 (醫師) = “Doctor”
醫 (의원 의): “Medical” or “medicine.”
師 (스승 사): “Master” or “teacher.”
-에게: Dative particle meaning “to” (indicates the recipient of an action).
느끼는지 (느끼다 + -는지): Embedded question meaning “how (she) feels.”
느끼다: “To feel.”
-는지: Indirect question marker.
어떻게 - how
설명합니다 (설명하다 + -ㅂ니다): Formal verb meaning “explains.”
설명 (說明) = “Explanation.”
說 (말씀 설): “To say” or “to explain.”
明 (밝을 명): “Clear” or “bright.”
-하다: Verb-making suffix.
-ㅂ니다: Formal polite ending.
Example Sentences with -는지
나는 그가 어디에 사는지 몰라요.
→ “I don’t know where he lives.”
(Indirect question: “Where does he live?” → “I don’t know where he lives.”)
그녀가 나를 좋아하는지 궁금해요.
→ “I wonder if she likes me.”
(Indirect question: “Does she like me?” → “I wonder if she does.”)
이것이 무슨 뜻인지 설명해 주세요.
→ “Please explain what this means.”
(Indirect question: “What does this mean?” → “Please explain what it means.”)
의사는 그녀가 감기에 걸렸다고 말합니다.
The doctor says that she has caught a cold.
감기 (感氣) = “Cold” (as in illness).
感 (느낄 감): “To feel” or “to sense.”
氣 (기운 기): “Energy” or “air.”
-에 걸리다: Verb phrase meaning “to catch (a disease).”
걸렸다고 (걸리다 + -았/었 + -다고): Reported speech form of “caught (a cold).”
-았/었-: Past tense marker (걸리 → 걸렸).
-다고: Indirect speech marker for statements.
말합니다 (말하다 + -ㅂ니다): Formal verb meaning “says” or “tells.”
엠마는 의사에게 약 처방을 요청합니다.
Emma requests a prescription from the doctor.
-에게: Dative particle (“to”).
약 (藥) = “Medicine.”
처방 (處方) = “Prescription.”
處 (곳 처): “Place” or “to manage.”
方 (모 방): “Method” or “direction.”
요청합니다 (요청하다 + -ㅂ니다): Formal verb meaning “requests.”
요청 (要請) = “Request”
要 (요긴할 요): “To need” or “important.”
請 (청할 청): “To ask” or “to request.”
의사는 엠마에게 감기에는 약이 필요하지 않다고 말합니다.
The doctor says that medicine is not necessary for a cold.
감기: “Cold” (illness).
-에는:
-에: Locative particle (indicating context, “for a cold”).
약: “Medicine.”
필요하지 않다 (필요하다 + -지 않다): Negative form of “to be necessary.”
필요하다 (必要하다) = “To be necessary.”
必 (반드시 필): “Must” or “certainly.”
要 (요긴할 요): “Important” or “essential.”
-다고: Indirect speech marker for statements.
말합니다: Formal verb meaning “says
대신에 의사는 엠마에게 자고 물을 마시라고 말합니다.
Instead, the doctor tells Emma to sleep and drink water.
대신에: Adverb meaning “instead.”
자고 (자다 + -고): Connective form of “to sleep.”
물: “Water.”
-을: Object particle.
마시라고 (마시다 + -(으)라고): Indirect speech imperative form.
마시다: “To drink.”
-(으)라고: Used when reporting commands or advice (“told to drink”).
말합니다: “Says” (formal).
엠마는 병원에서 나오며 몸이 나아지지 않았다고 느낍니다.
병원 (病院) = “Hospital.”
-에서: Locative particle meaning “from” (indicating departure).
나오며 (나오다 + -며): Connective form meaning “while coming out.”
나오다: Verb meaning “to come out.”
-며: Connective particle meaning “while.”
몸: “Body.”
나아지다: Verb meaning “to improve” or “to get better.”
-지 않다: Negation (“did not get better”).
-았/었다: Past tense marker.
-다고: Indirect speech marker for statements.
느낍니다 (느끼다 + -ㅂ니다): Formal verb meaning “feels.”
엠마는 무엇을 하기로 결정합니까?
What does Emma decide to do?
무엇을: “What” (direct object).
하기로:
하다: “To do.”
-기로 하다: Grammar pattern meaning “to decide to do (something)
결정합니까? (결정하다 + -ㅂ니까): Formal interrogative form of “to decide.”
결정 (決定) = “Decision.”
決 (결단할 결): “To decide, determine.”
定 (정할 정): “To fix, settle.”
의사는 엠마에게 뭐라고 말했습니까?
What did the doctor say to Emma?
뭐라고 (무엇 + -라고):
무엇 → 뭐: Informal contraction of “what.”
-라고: Quotation marker used for direct/indirect speech.
말했습니까? (말하다 + -았/었습니까?): Formal past interrogative form of “to say.”
