Storing and using genetic info Flashcards
In what direction is DNA replicated
5’ to 3’ direction
What is the difference between exons and introns
Exons- coding regions
Introns - non-coding regions
What is a codon
Set of 3 DNA bases
How many amino acids are found in proteins
20
What is degeneracy
Number of codons greater than number of amino acids
Except methionine & tryptophan
What is the mutation which causes Sickle cell anaemia
Mutated haemoglobin gene
Glutamate subbed with valine
What is the role of RNA
Participate in protein synthesis
How many genes are there in a genome
22,000
What is alternative splicing
Exons of RNA are reconnected in different ways
Results in different mRNA translated-> different proteins
Single gene can code for many proteins
What is the role of tRNA
Translates mRNA sequence into amino acid sequence
Adapter molecule between coded a.a & mRNA
What is a polysome
Several ribosomes translate mRNA at one time
What is mRNA
Carries information for protein synthesis
What is rRNA
Component of ribosomes, produced in nucleus.
Transported to cytoplasm where they combine with proteins to form ribosome.
Where is an anti-codon found?
On tRNA molecule
