Autonomic Physiology 1 Flashcards
What does the autonomic nervous system control?
Involuntary
Smooth muscle surrounding blood vessels,
Secretions from glands
Focusing of the eye
GI neurones
What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric
Describe the myelination in pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic fibres in the autonomic nervous system?
Pre-ganglionic fibre is small myelinate
Post- ganglionic fibre is unmyelinated
Describe the receptors in the Somatic versus the ANS?
Somatic uses NMJ aka ionotropic meaning they are ion channels
ANS is metabotropic meaning they are G-protein receptors
Where do the nerves in the sympathetic nervous system leave the spine?
Thoracic and the lumbar region.
Where do the ganglia lie in the sympathetic nervous system?
Paravertebral ganglia- in sympathetic trunk
Prevertebral ganglia lie in the collateral ganglia
So trunk = paravertebral, anything else = prevertebral
What type of information does the ventral horn carry?
neurons send fibres to the skeletal muscles, causing muscle contraction
What type of information does the dorsal horn carry?
Receive sensory information from all around the body
White ramus is what kind of ganglionic fibre and why?
Pre - ganglionic, because of the myelination
Which receptors do Acetylcholine act on
Cholinergic receptors:
Nicotinic
Muscarinic
Which receptors do noradrenaline act on
Adrenergic receptors:
a receptors
B receptors
What is the grey matter made up of?
Cell bodies of the axons
What is white matter made up of?
Axons linking the different parts of grey matter together
Define ganglioin
A structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fibre.
How do preganglionic fibres in the SYMPATHETIC and PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system work?
Release acetylcholine- acts on nicotinic receptor
How do postganglionic fibres in the sympathetic nervous system work?
Release noradrenaline which acts on alpha and beta receptors
How do post-ganglionic fibres in parasympathetic nervous system work
Release ACH to act on Muscarinic receptor
What is the adrenal medulla?
The central portion of the adrenal gland, secretes noradrenaline and adrenaline
What do sympathetic postganglionic cells of the adrenal medulla release into the blood
noradrenaline (80%)
adrenaline (20%)
Where do nerves leave the spine in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Cranial and sacral regions of the spine
Where do the ganglia lie in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Close to the target
How are sweat glands innervated?
Sympathetic cholinergic fibres
What class of neurotransmitters are NO and peptides?
Nonchollinergic and nonadrenergic receptors
parasympathetic vs sympathetic
Parasympathetic is rest and digest
Sympathetic is fight or flight
