Intro To Pharmacokinetics Flashcards
Different barriers drugs cross
Continuous
Fenestrated
Sinusoid
What plays a role in whether a drug can exert its effect (3)
Absorption
Distribution
Duration
What is biophase
The effect site of the drug, it is the physical region in which the drug target is located
What is bioavailability
The extent and rate at which the drug reaches the systemic circulation
What is CYP450
They are enzymes involved in the metabolism of many drugs
The main routes of administration of drugs (8)
Oral
Nasal
Inhalation
Intravenous (not absorbed)
Subcutaneous (injection into fat)
Intramuscular
Transdermal
Other GI (rectal, sublingual)
Difference between pharmokinetics and pharmodynamics
PK is defined as the movement of drugs through the body
PD is defined as the body’s biological response to drugs
Safety and effectivity of drug
Safety is the type and likelihood of adverse effects
Efficacy is the drug’s ability to produce the desired results
What controls whether a drug stays in its location (2)
Metabolism
Excretion
What can prevent or allow drugs to transport to all tissues (6)
How easy filtration is which is dependant on the size of the drug and structure of capillary wall
Lipophilicity
The extent of ionisation (ion trapping)
Existence of transport mechanisms
Facilitated diffusion
Blood supply
Where do the drugs go from the plasma (4)
Intersitital fluid
Intracellular fluid
Other fluid - Transcellular
CSF
What is the importance of the liver
It is the main site of metabolism
How drugs can be physically removed (4)
Urine
Bile which is a fluid made and released by the liver
Sweat
Breath
What is Therapeutic index
Ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective
