Chronic inflammation 1 Flashcards
What is the definition of chronic inflammation
Inflammation which increases Lymphocytes, Plasma, Macrophages population
Features tissue or organ damage
What does chronic inflammation arise from
Arises from acute inflammation
Arises from primary lesion
What is the mechanism of granulation tissue
Capilleries grow into inflammatory mass
Access of plasma proteins
increased macrophages
fibroblasts lay down collagen to repair tissue
Collagen replaces inflammatory exudate
What is the function of granulation tissue
Patches tissue defects
Contracts and pulls together
Replaces dead or necrotic tissue
What are the products of granulation tissue
Chronic inflammation
Scar
Fibrosis
What does the pathway from Acute to chronic inflammation look like
Acute->Actute+chronic->chronic
What are different causes of chronic inflammation
Granulomatous inflammation
Autoimmune disease
Material resistant to digestion
Exogenous substances - external drugs
Endogenous substances - naturally en there
What are the functions of fibroblasts
Motile cells
Metabolically active
Make and assemble structural proteins
What characterises granulomatous inflammation
Presence of granulomas in tissues and organs
What is granulomatous inflammation stimulated by
Indigestable antigen
What are granulomas
Clusters of specialized immune cells, called epithelioid macrophages, are found together in body tissues.
Contain: Neutrophils, Eosinophils
What is found in granulomas
Giant cells
What do granulomas surround
What can they be surrounded by
Dead material
Lymphocytes
What are granulomas function
Response to indigestable antigen
Many type IV hypersensitivity reactions
What are some granulomatous diseases
Tb - Mycobacterium tubercolosis
Leprosy - Mycobacterium leprae
Syphilis - Trepanoma pallidum
What is the pathway of wound healing
Phase of acute inflammation
Granulation tissue formation
Local angiogenesis
Fibrosis and scar formation
How are small wounds healed surgically
How do larger wounds heal surgically
What benefits wound healing
Cleanliness
Gd nutrition
Normal bodily function
What impairs wound healing
Poor nourishment
Abnormal CHO metabolism
Inhibition of angiogenesis
Dirty gaping wound
What are the sequence of events in fracture healing
Acute infla-> organisation->granulation->macrophages remove debris
How do callus form
Osteoblasts lay down bone
Contains nodules of cartilage
Bone remodelling
