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semester 1 > Gram Positive Bacteria > Flashcards

Gram Positive Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What type of bacteria is bacilli anthracis?

A

Aerobic and large

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2
Q

What are Group D streptococci re-classified as?

A

Enterococcus spp, Enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium Often non-haemolytic Found in the gut as normal commensal Cause of urinary tract infection

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3
Q

What does streptococcus pneumoniae cause?

A

Pneumonia, meningitis, septicaemia

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4
Q

What is used to differentiate between the different forms of staphylococci?

A

Coagulase test

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5
Q

What are the large aerobic bacilli?

A

Bacillus cerus - food poisoning Bacillus anthracis

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6
Q

What is responsible for diptheria?

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae Small aerobic bacilli

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7
Q

What does C. diff cause?

A

diarrhoea

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8
Q

What type of organism is Streptococcus pneumoniae?

A

Alpha haemolytic streptococcui

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9
Q

What are the further divisions of beta haemolytic streptococci?

A

Identified further by lancefield groupings - based on surface antigens Groups A-G ABD clinically most important

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10
Q

What does clostridium tetani produce?

A

Toxins which cause tetanus uncontrolled muscle spasm - loss of inhibition at neuromuscluar junction

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11
Q

What small aerobic bacilli is responsible for meningitis?

A

Listeria Monocytogenes

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12
Q

How do most bacteria reproduce?

A

Binary Fission

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13
Q

Give an example of group B streptococci

A

Streptococcus agalactiae Causes neonatal sepsis Meningitis Bacteraemia

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14
Q

What are the three types of streptococci?

A

Alpha haemolytic - partial haemolysis (turns blood agar green) Beta haemolytic - Complete haemolysis (turns blood agar clear) Non- haemolytic

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15
Q

What is the source of botox?

A

Clostridium botulinum

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16
Q

What can Clostridium perfringes cause?

A

Can contaminate food - food poisoning Infects serious wounds and causes gas gangrene

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17
Q

Where can you find Clostridium perfringens?

A

In the soil and normal commensal in human and animal gut/faeces

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18
Q

What does viridians streptococci cause?

Aplha Haemolytic

A

Infective endocarditis - Infection of the heart valves Normal in oral flora

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19
Q

What is the cause of anthrax?

A

Bacillus anthracis

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20
Q

What strains of anaerobic cocci exist?

A

Anaerobic streptococci

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21
Q

How does clostridium difficile spread?

A

In hospitals via spores

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22
Q

Which form of gram positive bacteria form clusters?

A

Staphylococci

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23
Q

Give an example of a staphylococci - coagulase positive bacteria and describe its effect

A

Staphylococcus aureus - commensal in nose Major pathogen Causes boils, soft tissue infections, septicaemia and food poisoning

24
Q

What type of commensals are coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria?

A

Skin commensals Staph epidermis

25
Q

Give an example of a group A streptococci beta haemolytic

A

Streptococcus pyogens Major pathogen Sore throats, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis

26
Q

Which strain of staphylococcus aureus poses a major risk for infection prevention and control?

A

MRSA, methicilin resistant

27
Q

Why is staphylococcus aureus commonly penicillin resistant?

A

They produce beta lactamse - provides antibiotic resistance to antibiotics with a four atom ring known as a beta lactam

28
Q

What type of organism is C.Diff?

A

Anaerobic Bacilli

29
Q

When can coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria become pathogenic?

A

In the presence of foreign bodies (prosthesis)?

30
Q

Which form of gram positive bacteria form chains?

A

Streptococci

31
Q

What is used for immunisation against Clostridium tetani?

A

Antigenically modified toxin

32
Q

Reverse

Can contaminate food - food poisoning Infects serious wounds and causes gas gangrene

A

What can Clostridium perfringes cause?

33
Q

Reverse

In the soil and normal commensal in human and animal gut/faeces

A

Where can you find Clostridium perfringens?

34
Q

Reverse

Infective endocarditis - Infection of the heart valves Normal in oral flora

A

What does viridians streptococci cause?

Aplha Haemolytic

35
Q

Reverse

Bacillus anthracis

A

What is the cause of anthrax?

36
Q

Reverse

Anaerobic streptococci

A

What strains of anaerobic cocci exist?

37
Q

Reverse

In hospitals via spores

A

How does clostridium difficile spread?

38
Q

Reverse

Staphylococci

A

Which form of gram positive bacteria form clusters?

39
Q

Reverse

Staphylococcus aureus - commensal in nose Major pathogen Causes boils, soft tissue infections, septicaemia and food poisoning

A

Give an example of a staphylococci - coagulase positive bacteria and describe its effect

40
Q

Reverse

Streptococcus pyogens Major pathogen Sore throats, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis

A

Give an example of a group A streptococci beta haemolytic

41
Q

Reverse

MRSA, methicilin resistant

A

Which strain of staphylococcus aureus poses a major risk for infection prevention and control?

42
Q

Reverse

They produce beta lactamse - provides antibiotic resistance to antibiotics with a four atom ring known as a beta lactam

A

Why is staphylococcus aureus commonly penicillin resistant?

43
Q

Reverse

Anaerobic Bacilli

A

What type of organism is C.Diff?

44
Q

Reverse

In the presence of foreign bodies (prosthesis)?

A

When can coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria become pathogenic?

45
Q

Reverse

Streptococci

A

Which form of gram positive bacteria form chains?

46
Q

Reverse

Antigenically modified toxin

A

What is used for immunisation against Clostridium tetani?

47
Q

Reverse

MRSA, methicilin resistant

A

Which strain of staphylococcus aureus poses a major risk for infection prevention and control?

48
Q

Reverse

Skin commensals Staph epidermis

A

What type of commensals are coagulase negative staphylococcus bacteria?

49
Q

Reverse

Anaerobic streptococci

A

What strains of anaerobic cocci exist?

50
Q

Reverse

Bacillus anthracis

A

What is the cause of anthrax?

51
Q

Reverse

Infective endocarditis - Infection of the heart valves Normal in oral flora

A

What does viridians streptococci cause?

Aplha Haemolytic

52
Q

Reverse

In the soil and normal commensal in human and animal gut/faeces

A

Where can you find Clostridium perfringens?

53
Q

Reverse

Clostridium botulinum

A

What is the source of botox?

54
Q

Reverse

Alpha haemolytic - partial haemolysis (turns blood agar green) Beta haemolytic - Complete haemolysis (turns blood agar clear) Non- haemolytic

A

What are the three types of streptococci?

55
Q

Reverse

Corynebacterium diptheriae Small aerobic bacilli

A

What is responsible for diptheria?

56
Q

What form of gram positive bacteria forms clusters?

A

Staphylococci

semester 1 (65 decks)

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