Chromosomes and Cell division 1/2 - First Lecture

Question 1

What is the function of telomeres?

Answer 1

Protect ends of chromosomes

Question 2

What is the end replication problem?

Answer 2

Consecutive rounds of DNA replication cause the telomeres to become shorter and shorter

Question 3

How do eukaryotes solve the end replication problem?

Answer 3

Telomerase can reverse transcribe its own RNA template to synthesise the additional DNA, increases the 3’ end of the parent strand, allowing the okasaki fragments and DNA polymerase to extend the 5’ end of the other DNA strand.

Question 4

What is telomerase made up of?

Answer 4

Proteins and RNA

Question 5

What does each eukaryotic chromosome contain?

Answer 5

Linear chromosomes
Telomere
Centromere
Heterochromatin
Euchromatin