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CPT Class > SSection 6 Review > Flashcards

SSection 6 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of diabetes occurs when specialized cells in the pancreas (called beta cells) stop producing insulin?

A

Type 1

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2
Q

At what BMI threshold does a person’s chance for obesity-related health problems increase?

A

30

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3
Q

Which resistance training system is most appropriate for hypertensive clients?

A

Peripheral heart action system

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4
Q

Which of the following is proper technique during a squat movement?

A

Tracking the knees over the second and third toes

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5
Q

What is the leading cause of death and disability for both men and women?

A

Coronary heart disease

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6
Q

What is known as a sudden lack of blood supply to the brain, caused by either a blockage in an artery or a ruptured blood vessel?

A

Stroke

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7
Q

What is a metabolic disorder in which the body does not produce enough insulin or cannot respond normally to the insulin that is made?

A

Diabetes

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8
Q

What type of diabetes occurs when cells are resistant to insulin, meaning that the insulin present cannot transfer adequate amounts of blood sugar into the cell?

A

Type 2

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9
Q

Approximately what percentage of Americans aged 20 years and older are obese?

A

0.4

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10
Q

Which of the following is not one of the primary levels of the OPT model?

A

Strength Endurance

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11
Q

Which of the following can cause undue fatigue, increase the risk of injury, and potentially lead to burnout?

A

Overtraining

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12
Q

Performing 4 weeks of stabilization training before moving on to strength endurance training for another 4 weeks would be an example of what kind of periodization?

A

Linear periodization

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13
Q

Which of the following two modalities are the most alike?

A

ViPR and sandbag

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14
Q

Strength-training machines provide training primarily in which planes of motion?

A

Frontal and sagittal

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15
Q

Which statement is the most accurate reflection of exercise and physical activity as it relates to pregnancy?

A

Exercise has beneficial effects on the physiology and health of both the mother and the developing fetus.

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16
Q

Using battle ropes is considered which sort of exercise?

A

Low-impact activity

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17
Q

Regarding free-weight training, which of the following is the most accurate statement?

A

Free weights may improve dynamic joint stabilization and proprioception.

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18
Q

Which statement is an accurate reflection of exercise and physical activity as it relates to arthritis?

A

Cardiorespiratory training should begin at a low to moderate intensity (40 to 65% HRmax).

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19
Q

Why are children at a disadvantage when participating in short-duration (10 to 90 second) high-intensity anaerobic activities?

A

Children produce less of the glycolytic enzymes that are required to support sustained anaerobic power.

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20
Q

Proper abdominal crunches on a stability ball allows for:

A

Increased spinal extension due to the curvature of the ball

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21
Q

Core and balance exercises are a component of which part of an OPT workout?

A

Activation

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22
Q

What is the primary adaptation for the Muscular Development phase of the OPT model?

A

Hypertrophy

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23
Q

Which of the following would be an appropriate Phase 2 superset?

A

Bench press and stability ball push-ups

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24
Q

What causes initial improvements in strength when youths engage in a resistance training program?

A

Neural adaptations

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25
Q

What is the primary goal of repeating flexibility training during a cool-down?

A

Restore optimal length-tension relationships

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26
Q

What is a normal physiologic process of aging that results in arteries that are less elastic and pliable?

A

Arteriosclerosis

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27
Q

Which of the following is not considered a closed-chain exercise?

A

Lat pulldowns

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28
Q

For which of the following populations is the floor bridge exercise contraindicated?

A

Clients who are in the third trimester of pregnancy

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29
Q

What blood pressure is reflective of a hypertensive crisis?

A

A systolic reading greater than 180 mm Hg and/or a diastolic reading greater than 120 mm Hg

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30
Q

Training power for 2 days before moving on to 2 days of strength training would be an example of what kind of periodization?

A

Undulating periodization

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31
Q

What causes coronary heart disease?

A

Atherosclerosis

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32
Q

Which of the following exercises may increase inaccurate readings while utilizing a wrist-worn heart rate monitor?

A

Medicine ball catch and pass

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33
Q

What is defined as the state of elevated glucose in the bloodstream?

A

Hyperglycemia

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34
Q

Which of the following modality/exercise combinations provides the most demands on explosive power?

A

Medicine ball chest pass

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35
Q

What type of periodization uses changes in volume and intensity on a daily or weekly basis?

A

Undulating

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36
Q

What are common physical characteristics of those with emphysema?

A

Those with emphysema are frequently underweight and may exhibit hypertrophied neck muscles.

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37
Q

What is defined as the specific outline created by a fitness professional that details the form of training, length of time, and specific exercises to be performed?

A

Training plan

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38
Q

What BMI score is considered within normal limits?

A

18.5 to 24.9

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39
Q

Most bodyweight training exercises are considered which type of movements?

A

Closed-chain movements

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40
Q

During which Phase of OPT should the exerciser be most concerned with increasing the speed (repetition tempo) of exercises?

A

Phase 5 Power

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41
Q

Which of the following modalities has the potential to be used effectively in every phase of the OPT model?

A

Cable machines

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42
Q

Clients with chronic lung disease often have shortness of breath, also known as which of the following?

A

Dyspnea

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43
Q

Which of the following is an example of linear periodization?

A

4 weeks in Phase 1 followed by 4 weeks in Phase 2

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44
Q

Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding proprioceptive modalities?

A

Using heavy weights while performing exercises on proprioceptive modalities is considered dangerous.

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45
Q

Extension of the shoulder is common in many pulling movements. Which of the following muscles is involved?

A

Latissimus dorsi

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46
Q

Which of the following modalities will provide the most benefits to Phases 1, 4 and 5 of the OPT model?

A

Sandbags

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47
Q

Which of the following would be the recommended stability ball size for someone under 5 feet tall?

A

45 cm

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48
Q

Which of the following exercises provides the most challenge for the antirotational stabilizing muscles?

A

Kettlebell RDL

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49
Q

Horizontal adduction is most common during what type of movement?

A

Pushing

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50
Q

A client with osteoporosis has been medically cleared to perform exercise. Which form of training can have the most impact on increasing the client’s bone mineral density?

A

Walking

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51
Q

Rotational movement of the torso should primarily occur where?

A

Thoracic spine

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52
Q

During the standing cable chest press, the resistance should be positioned to do what?

A

Resist shoulder horizontal adduction

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53
Q

What are common physical characteristics of those with emphysema?

A

Those with emphysema are frequently underweight and may exhibit hypertrophied neck muscles.

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54
Q

you have a client who wants to increase speed, what phase of the OPT model would they fall into?

A

Phase 5

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55
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of undulating periodization?

A

Changing acute variables on a weekly basis

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56
Q

Which of the following exercises may increase inaccurate readings while utilizing a wrist-worn heart rate monitor?

A

Medicine ball catch and pass

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57
Q

What blood pressure is reflective of stage 1 hypertension?

A

reading of 130 to 139 mm Hg systolic or 80 to 89 mm Hg diastolic

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58
Q

Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding proprioceptive modalities?

A

Using heavy weights while performing exercises on proprioceptive modalities is considered dangerous.

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59
Q

What is the minimum weekly goal of energy expenditure from combined physical activity and exercise for obese clients?

A

1,200 kcal

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60
Q

Which of the following is considered one of the Four Horsemen of Fitness?

A

Medicine ball

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61
Q

What is atherosclerosis?

A

The processes by which plaque is formed in arteries leading to reduced blood flow

62
Q

Which of the following modality/exercise combinations provides the most demands on explosive power?

A

Medicine ball chest pass

63
Q

What is defined as shortness of breath or labored breathing?

A

Dyspnea

64
Q

What is the primary limiting factor for exercise in the client with PAD?

A

Leg pain

65
Q

Horizontal adduction is most common during what type of movement?

A

Pushing

66
Q

Most bodyweight training exercises are considered which type of movements?

A

Closed-chain movements

67
Q

When attempting to increase muscular size and strength in the lower body, which of the following exercise is least likely to be beneficial?

A

BOSU squat

68
Q

Which of the following exercises is not considered a compound exercise?

A

Seated leg extension

69
Q

For effective weight loss, how many calories should obese clients expend per exercise session?

A

200 to 300 kcal

70
Q

Which of the following movements trains a client in all three planes of motion?

A

Multiplanar lunge

71
Q

Which disease is caused by specific medical conditions or medications, including alcohol abuse, smoking, specific diseases, or particular medications, that disrupt normal bone reformation?

A

Type 2 (secondary) osteoporosis

72
Q

In which phase of the OPT model would suspended bodyweight training be the most desirable for optimal outcomes?

A

Phase 2

73
Q

Which of the following is an optional component of an OPT workout and is based on client goals and fitness levels?

A

Skill development

74
Q

Which of the following is true for elastic resistance bands as a modality?

A

Elastic resistance training is beneficial for muscular strength and endurance.

75
Q

When developing a safe and effective warm-up for Phase 1, what is an important consideration for flexibility?

A

Self-myofascial techniques
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76
Q

Which is a primary adaptation of the Power Training phase?

A

Rate of force production

77
Q

When discussing suspended bodyweight training, which of the following is the most accurate statement?

A

It increases flexibility and joint mobility.

78
Q

Which of the following terms can be defined as relating to one side of the body?

A

Unilateral

79
Q

Which component of a monthly training plan should always be performed before moving to the next month’s mesocycle?

A

Reassessment

80
Q

Which structures of the body does osteoporosis commonly affect?

A

Neck of the femur and the lumbar (low-back) vertebrae

81
Q

Which component of an OPT workout is intended to help preserve client autonomy?

A

Client’s choice

82
Q

According to the text, what percentage of Americans older than the age of 20 years are either overweight or obese?

A

0.72

83
Q

Which is a primary adaptation of the Stabilization Endurance phase?

A

Postural alignment

84
Q

Core stability is best described as:

A

The ability to resist external resistance in the lumbar spine while the extremities are actively moving

85
Q

The goal of the Certified Personal Trainer in utilizing machines in Phase 1 of the OPT model should be to do what?

A

Progress their clients to more proprioceptively enriched exercises

86
Q

Selectorized machines provide all the following benefits except for which one?

A

Provide an increased range of motion

87
Q

According to the “iceberg effect,” which of the following training adaptations are considered “surface level”?

A

Endurance

88
Q

Which of the following is considered an “under the water” foundational adaptation, per the “iceberg effect”?

A

Stability

89
Q

What is a normal physiologic process of aging that results in arteries that are less elastic and pliable?

A

Arteriosclerosis

90
Q

During the standing cable chest press, the resistance should be positioned to do what?

A

Resist shoulder horizontal adduction

91
Q

When performing high-velocity movements with medicine balls, the ball weight should be no more than what percentage of the user’s body weight, according to current recommendations?

A

0.1

92
Q

Proprioception is best described as which of the following statements?

A

The body’s ability to sense body position and limb movements

93
Q

What disease is a condition in which fibrous lung tissue results in a decreased ability to expand the lungs?

A

Restrictive lung disease

94
Q

Which of the following statements is the most accurate when discussing strength-training machines?

A

Not all strength-training machines are designed to fit all body types and thus can limit the effectiveness of the intended exercise.

95
Q

Which of the following best describes the term power?

A

Rate of force production

96
Q

An obese client who has been diagnosed with peripheral artery disease (PAD) should be advised to do which of the following?

A

Strive for 20 to 30 minutes of continuous aerobic exercise daily.

97
Q

Loaded movement training is best achieved with which training modality?

A

ViPR

98
Q

Balance is best described as which of the following?

A

The ability to maintain control of the body while in a static position

99
Q

What is the approximate percentage of those who will quit a fitness program within the first 6 months after they begin?

A

0.5

100
Q

When using battle ropes as a modality, what diameter of rope would best be used for strength, power, and anaerobic adaptations in which exercises are performed for 30 seconds or less?

A

2 in.

101
Q

What is defined as the state of deficient glucose in the bloodstream?

A

Hypoglycemia

102
Q

Which of the following modalities will provide the most benefits to Phases 1, 4 and 5 of the OPT model?

A

Sandbags

103
Q

Core stability is best described as:

A

The ability to resist external resistance in the lumbar spine while the extremities are actively moving

104
Q

In which population is type 1 osteoporosis most prevalent?

A

Postmenopausal women

105
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of linear periodization?

A

Increases intensity while decreasing volume

106
Q

How often should elastic resistance bands be checked?

A

Prior to every use

107
Q

Which of the following is not a purpose of an effective cool-down?

A

Increase breathing rate

108
Q

A client is taking prescription beta-blockers for hypertension. Which exercise is the safest for him to perform?

A

Standing cobra

109
Q

What BMI score is considered overweight?

A

25 to 29.9

110
Q

Which of the following core exercises best suits stabilization training?

A

Floor bridge

111
Q

Which phase of the OPT model introduces lifting near or at maximal intensity?

A

Phase 4

112
Q

Squat, push, pull, press, hip hinge, and multiplanar movement are all known as what?

A

Movement patterns

113
Q

Kettlebell exercises have proven extremely beneficial in the development in which plane or of which chain?

A

Posterior chain

114
Q

Antirotational exercises are often this sort of movement by nature.

A

Unilateral

115
Q

Which core exercise is most appropriate for an obese client to maximize comfort and to avoid potential hypotensive or hypertensive reactions to the exercise?

A

Incline plank

116
Q

Which of the following modalities is the least likely to increase joint instability?

A

Strength machines

117
Q

What is defined as the level of commitment to a behavior or plan of action?

A

Adherence

118
Q

The hip hinge is an important fundamental movement. During a hip hinge, what movements are occurring?

A

Flexion and extension

119
Q

Which of the following modalities is the least likely to increase joint instability?

A

Strength machines

120
Q

Which of the following is true for elastic resistance bands as a modality?

A

Elastic resistance training is beneficial for muscular strength and endurance.

121
Q

Antirotational exercises are often this sort of movement by nature.

A

Unilateral

122
Q

What is the primary limiting factor for exercise in the client with PAD?

A

Leg pain

123
Q

Which resistance training system is most appropriate for hypertensive clients?

A

Peripheral heart action system

124
Q

Approximately what percentage of Americans aged 20 years and older are obese?

A

0.4

125
Q

Core stability is best described as:

A

The ability to resist external resistance in the lumbar spine while the extremities are actively moving

126
Q

What is defined as the state of deficient glucose in the bloodstream?

A

Hypoglycemia

127
Q

7.

What is the most appropriate gluteal strengthening exercise for a client with hypertension?

A

Standing cable hip extension

128
Q

Which of the following is an appropriate assessment for a senior client who is sedentary?

A

Pushing test

129
Q

Which disease is caused by a degeneration of cartilage within joints?

A

Osteoarthritis

130
Q

What is a normal physiologic process of aging that results in arteries that are less elastic and pliable?

A

Arteriosclerosis

131
Q

Which of the following is considered an open-chain exercise?

A

Bench press

132
Q

Circuit training is best described as what?

A

A full-body program that incorporates high-intensity aerobic conditioning, muscular strength, and endurance training movements

133
Q

What is the primary goal of repeating flexibility training during a cool-down?

A

Restore optimal length-tension relationships

134
Q

Which structures of the body does osteoporosis commonly affect?

A

Neck of the femur and the lumbar (low-back) vertebrae

135
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of undulating periodization?

A

Changing acute variables on a weekly basis

136
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of linear periodization?

A

Increases intensity while decreasing volume

137
Q

What blood pressure is reflective of a hypertensive crisis?

A

A systolic reading greater than 180 mm Hg and/or a diastolic reading greater than 120 mm Hg

138
Q

What is defined as the state of elevated glucose in the bloodstream?

A

Hyperglycemia

139
Q

What is defined as a consistently elevated blood pressure?

A

Hypertension

140
Q

What is a joint disease in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissue, causing an inflammatory response?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

141
Q

What is defined as shortness of breath or labored breathing?

A

Dyspnea

142
Q

Which of the following is an appropriate assessment for a senior client who is sedentary?

A

Pushing test

143
Q

Which of the following modalities was designed to be carried, lifted, thrown, and pulled as a functional training tool?

A

Sandbags

144
Q

When discussing suspended bodyweight training, which of the following is the most accurate statement?

A

It increases flexibility and joint mobility.

145
Q

What is defined as the specific outline created by a fitness professional that details the form of training, length of time, and specific exercises to be performed?

A

Training plan

146
Q

What is an appropriate tempo for Phase 1 of the OPT model?

A

4-2-1-1

147
Q

Balance is best described as which of the following?

A

The ability to maintain control of the body while in a static position

148
Q

Which of the following modalities will provide the most benefits to Phases 1, 4 and 5 of the OPT model?

A

Sandbags

149
Q

What is unique about a kettlebell when compared to a dumbbell?

A

With a kettlebell, the center of mass is farther from the handle.

150
Q

How many minutes of vigorous exercise in hot, humid environments should children be restricted to (including frequent rest periods)?

A

30 minutes

151
Q

An obese client who has been diagnosed with peripheral artery disease (PAD) should be advised to do which of the following?

A

Strive for 20 to 30 minutes of continuous aerobic exercise daily.

CPT Class (56 decks)

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