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CPT Class > SSection 4 Review > Flashcards

SSection 4 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What step cadence is used during the YMCA 3-minute step test?

A

A cadence of 96 steps per minute

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2
Q

Which of the following tests is designed to test reaction capabilities, acceleration, and maximal sprinting speed?

A

40-yard dash

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3
Q

Which movement assessment utilizes weighted pullies to assess a pushing movement?

A

Standing push assessment

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4
Q

Which movement assessment is a global observation of the entire kinetic chain and recommended as the first movement assessment to use with all clients?

A

Overhead squat

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5
Q

What principle is hydrostatic underwater weighing based upon?

A

Archimedes’ principle

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6
Q

For which movement impairment would you see the shoulders moving upward toward the ears?

A

Shoulder elevation

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7
Q

In which BMI category would you classify Vincent if he has a BMI of 27?

A

Overweight

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8
Q

Which of the following represents a criterion for terminating an exercise test or exercise bout that involves exertion?

A

Any indication of chest pain or angina-like symptoms

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9
Q

If Joe takes a 6-second heart rate count on his client and notes 8 beats, what would his client’s heart rate be?

A

80 beats per minute

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10
Q

What does BMI (body mass index) assess for?

A

Whether a person’s weight is appropriate for their height

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11
Q

Which of the following exercises is typically used to measure maximum strength of the upper extremities during a pushing movement?

A

Bench press strength assessment

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12
Q

Where is it most common to take an individual’s circumference measurement to assess health risk?

A

Waist

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13
Q

Which muscles are typically overactive in association with upper crossed syndrome?

A

Upper trapezius

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14
Q

What are three postural distortion patterns to look for in static postural assessments?

A

Pes planus distortion syndrome, lower crossed syndrome, and upper crossed syndrome

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15
Q

Into which category would a resting blood pressure score of 128/86 mm Hg fall?

A

Elevated

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16
Q

For which population is the 1.5-mile (2.4-km) run test considered most valid?

A

College-aged athletes

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17
Q

Which of the following tests is used to measure lateral speed and agility?

A

Lower extremity functional test (LEFT)

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18
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive in association with lower crossed syndrome?

A

Abdominals

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19
Q

Which test would you select as the most appropriate when attempting to measure the overall fitness level of a fit college-aged athlete who competes on the school’s rugby team?

A

The 1.5-mile (2.4-km) run test

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20
Q

What step height is used for the YMCA 3-minute step test?

A

12 inches

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21
Q

Which type of assessment is typically performed first in the assessment flow?

A

Static posture

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22
Q

What tests should be performed last in the overall assessment flow?

A

Performance assessments

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23
Q

Which muscles may be overactive with knee valgus during the overhead squat?

A

Tensor fascia latae and adductor complex

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24
Q

Which postural distortion is characterized by anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lordosis (extension) of the lumbar spine?

A

Lower crossed syndrome

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25
Q

Which of the following exercises is typically used to measure muscular endurance of the upper extremities during a pushing movement?

A

Push-up test

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26
Q

What is the physiological process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal body temperature, including events like sweating to cool the body and shivering to warm the body?

A

Thermoregulation

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27
Q

How is lower crossed syndrome characterized?

A

Anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lordosis of the lumbar spine

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28
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive in association with pes planus distortion syndrome?

A

Anterior and posterior tibialis, and gluteus maximus and medius

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29
Q

Waist circumference acts as an important indicator for diseases such as what?

A

Heart disease and diabetes

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30
Q

Which test provides the most personalized assessment of an individual’s true metabolic function?

A

Ventilatory threshold (VT1) test

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31
Q

Which muscle would be considered overactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pushing assessment?

A

Upper trapezius

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32
Q

For which movement impairment would you see the knees bow outward?

A

Knee varus

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33
Q

What are three postural distortion patterns to look for in static postural assessments?

A

Pes planus distortion syndrome, lower crossed syndrome, and upper crossed syndrome

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34
Q

What is best defined as the action of expanding the diameter of a blood vessel near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body?

A

Peripheral vasodilation

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35
Q

Which muscles are typically overactive in association with upper crossed syndrome?

A

Upper trapezius

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36
Q

Which muscle would be considered overactive, leading to the excessive forward trunk lean during the overhead squat assessment?

A

Hip flexors

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37
Q

Which postural distortion is characterized by anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lordosis (extension) of the lumbar spine?

A

Lower crossed syndrome

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38
Q

What step height is used for the YMCA 3-minute step test?

A

12 inches

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39
Q

What best defines a Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+)?

A

A detailed questionnaire designed to assess an individual’s physical readiness to engage in structured exercise

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40
Q

Which muscle would be considered overactive, leading to the low back arching during the overhead squat assessment?

A

Hip flexor complex

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41
Q

Which postural distortion is characterized by a forward head and rounded shoulders?

A

Upper crossed syndrome

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42
Q

Which muscles are typically overactive when the feet turn out?

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus

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43
Q

What are the five kinetic chain checkpoints

A

Feet and ankles, knees, LPHC, shoulders, and head and neck

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44
Q

Which muscles may be overactive with knee valgus during the single-leg squat?

A

Adductor complex

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45
Q

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to arms falling forward in the overhead squat assessment?

A

Middle and lower trapezius

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46
Q

Which of the following tests is used to measure lateral acceleration, deceleration, agility, and control?

A

Pro shuttle

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47
Q

Which of the following tests is used to measure lower-extremity power?

A

Vertical jump

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48
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive with knee valgus during the overhead squat?

A

Gluteus maximus and medius

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49
Q

Which of the following represents a criterion for terminating an exercise test or exercise bout that involves exertion?

A

Any indication of chest pain or angina-like symptoms

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50
Q

In most individuals, to what pressure is the blood pressure cuff inflated when measuring resting blood pressure?

A

The cuff is inflated to a value of 20 to 30 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.

51
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive in association with upper crossed syndrome?

A

Lower trapezius

52
Q

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pushing assessment?

A

Lower trapezius

53
Q

Which of the following tests uses recovery heart rate rather than exercising heart rate to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness levels?

A

YMCA 3-minute step test

54
Q

When sequencing physiological assessments, which of the following would produce a better result if measured immediately after exercise rather than before exercise?

A

Flexibility

55
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive when the feet turn out?

A

Anterior and posterior tibialis

56
Q

Where is the appropriate location to take a waist circumference measurement?

A

At the narrowest point of the waist, below the rib cage and just above the top of the hip bones (while standing)

57
Q

What do you visualize to detect the movement impairment shoulder elevation?

A

The shoulders moving upward toward the ears

58
Q

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to the low back arching during the overhead squat assessment?

A

Gluteus maximus

59
Q

Which skinfold sites are measured if determining body composition via the Durnin-Womersley protocol?

A

Biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac

60
Q

How is heart rate collected during the YMCA 3-minute step test to evaluate the cardiorespiratory fitness level of an individual?

A

It is measured over a 60-second count immediately following the test.

61
Q

Which muscle or muscles would be considered overactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pulling assessment?

A

Upper trapezius and levator scapula

62
Q

Which of the following is not a component that needs to be considered when planning a VT1 test?

A

Environmental temperature

63
Q

How many skinfold sites are measured when determining body composition using the Durnin-Womersley protocol?

A

4

64
Q

Which of the following statements defines the chest skinfold location for men?

A

diagonal fold taken half the distance between the anterior axillary line and the nipple

65
Q

Which type of assessment assesses the alignment of the body while in motion?

A

Dynamic posture assessment

66
Q

When is a muscle considered overactive?

A

When it is in a state of elevated neural activity (compared to its antagonist muscle), which causes the muscle to be held in a chronic state of contraction

67
Q

Which of the following intensities best represents VT2 during the incremental test protocol?

A

When the individual responds with “no” when asked, “Can you speak competently?”

68
Q

How is upper crossed syndrome characterized?

A

Forward head and protracted shoulders

69
Q

Which term defines the degree to which a test specifically measures what it is intended to measure?

A

Validity

70
Q

What is best defined as the action of expanding the diameter of a blood vessel near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body?

A

Peripheral vasodilation

71
Q

What artery is used to measure blood pressure?

A

Brachial artery

72
Q

How can diastolic blood pressure be defined?

A

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is at rest or between beats; the second (bottom) number recorded

73
Q

What is reached when a talk test during exercise reveals a client to be working at ventilatory threshold 2?

A

The level at which the body can work at its highest sustainable steady-state intensity for more than a few minutes

74
Q

Which postural distortion is characterized by flat feet, knee valgus, and adducted and internally rotated hips?

A

Pes planus distortion syndrome

75
Q

Which of the following statements describes the abdominal skinfold location?

A

A vertical skinfold taken 1 inch lateral to the umbilicus (belly button)

76
Q

The standard Jackson and Pollock 3-Site protocol for women requires skinfold measurements at which of the following sites?

A

Suprailiac, thigh, and triceps

77
Q

What location on the body does NASM recommend for measuring the resting heart rate?

A

Radial pulse

78
Q

The PAR-Q+ and preparticipation process reflects what three health indicators?

A

An individual’s current level of physical activity, the presence of signs and symptoms of disease, and the individual’s desired exercise intensity

79
Q

.

Which test provides the most personalized assessment of an individual’s true metabolic function?

A

Ventilatory threshold (VT1) test

80
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive with knee valgus during the overhead squat?

A

Gluteus maximus and medius

81
Q

What population is the VT2 talk test appropriate for?

A

Individuals with performance goals

82
Q

What is a body composition assessment technique that estimates body fat percentage by measuring the resistance to the flow of electrical currents introduced into the body?

A

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)

83
Q

What is the definition of anthropometry?

A

The field of study of the measurement of living humans for purposes of understanding human physical variation in size, weight, and proportion

84
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive in association with pes planus distortion syndrome?

A

Anterior and posterior tibialis, and gluteus maximus and medius

85
Q

What would not be a reason to terminate an exercise test?

A

The individual is tired from the test.

86
Q

What do you visualize to detect the movement impairment shoulder elevation?

A

The shoulders moving upward toward the ears

87
Q

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pulling assessment?

A

Lower trapezius

88
Q

Which of the following waist-to-hip ratios (WHRs) places Amy (a female) in the high-risk category for cardiovascular disease?

A

WHR of 0.88

89
Q

Which of the following tests is used to measure lateral acceleration, deceleration, agility, and control?

A

Pro shuttle

90
Q

What artery is used to measure blood pressure?

A

Brachial artery

91
Q

What interventions are suggested for an individual with a resting blood pressure of 134/86 mm Hg?

A

Some lifestyle changes coupled with some medical monitoring

92
Q

Which of the following tests is used to measure lateral speed and agility?

A

Lower extremity functional test (LEFT)

93
Q

What is best defined as the action of expanding the diameter of a blood vessel near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body?

A

Peripheral vasodilation

94
Q

Peripheral vasodilation

A

135/80 mm Hg

95
Q

What location on the body does NASM recommend for measuring the resting heart rate?

A

Radial pulse

96
Q

What is reached when a talk test during exercise reveals a client to be working at ventilatory threshold 2?

A

The level at which the body can work at its highest sustainable steady-state intensity for more than a few minutes

97
Q

What artery is used to measure blood pressure?

A

Brachial artery

98
Q

Which term defines the degree to which a test specifically measures what it is intended to measure?

A

Validity

99
Q

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to the excessive forward trunk lean during the overhead squat assessment?

A

Gluteus maximus

100
Q

The standard Jackson and Pollock 3-Site protocol for women requires skinfold measurements at which of the following sites?

A

Suprailiac, thigh, and triceps

101
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive in association with lower crossed syndrome?

A

Abdominals

102
Q

Which of the following statements describes the abdominal skinfold location?

A

A vertical skinfold taken 1 inch lateral to the umbilicus (belly button)

103
Q

What term refers to the ability of a test to produce consistent and repeatable results?

A

Reliability

104
Q

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to arms falling forward in the overhead squat assessment?

A

Middle and lower trapezius

105
Q

Which type of assessment assesses the alignment of the body while in motion?

A

Dynamic posture assessment

106
Q

What is Bernadette’s waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) if she is measured with a waist circumference of 28 inches and a hip circumference of 33 inches?

A

0.85

107
Q

Which muscles are typically underactive when the feet turn out?

A

Anterior and posterior tibialis

108
Q

What is the best description of a steady-state heart rate?

A

Any stage at which the physiological response of heart rate from the cardiovascular system becomes relatively constant in relation to the amount of work being performed

109
Q

Which type of assessment measures overall strength, stability, muscular endurance, and agility?

A

Performance assessment

110
Q

What is a body composition assessment technique that estimates body fat percentage by measuring the resistance to the flow of electrical currents introduced into the body?

A

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)

111
Q

Which muscles are typically overactive when the feet turn out?

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus

112
Q

Into which category would a resting blood pressure score of 128/79 mm Hg fall?

A

Elevated

113
Q

What are the five kinetic chain checkpoints?

A

Feet and ankles, knees, LPHC, shoulders, and head and neck

114
Q

What best defines a Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+)?

A

A detailed questionnaire designed to assess an individual’s physical readiness to engage in structured exercise

115
Q

The PAR-Q+ and preparticipation process reflects what three health indicators?

A

An individual’s current level of physical activity, the presence of signs and symptoms of disease, and the individual’s desired exercise intensity

116
Q

Which muscles may be overactive with knee valgus during the overhead squat?

A

Tensor fascia latae and adductor complex

117
Q

Which postural distortion is characterized by a forward head and rounded shoulders?

A

Upper crossed syndrome

118
Q

Which skinfold sites are measured if determining body composition via the Durnin-Womersley protocol?

A

Biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac

119
Q

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pulling assessment?

A

Lower trapezius

120
Q

Which type of assessment evaluates the position of the musculoskeletal system while the body is standing still?

A

Static posture assessment

121
Q

Which muscle would be considered overactive, leading to the low back arching during the overhead squat assessment?

A

Hip flexor complex

122
Q

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pushing assessment?

A

Lower trapezius

123
Q

Which postural distortion is characterized by anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lordosis (extension) of the lumbar spine?

A

Lower crossed syndrome

124
Q

How is upper crossed syndrome characterized?

A

Forward head and protracted shoulders

CPT Class (56 decks)

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