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CPT Class > Ch 1 The modern state of health and fitness > Flashcards

Ch 1 The modern state of health and fitness Flashcards

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1
Q

Obesity

A

A complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat; classified by a body mass index of 30 or greater.

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2
Q

Kinesiology

A

Study of movement as it relates to anatomy and physiology.

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3
Q

Evidence-based practice

A

A practice that relies on evidence for guidance and decision-making and includes developing individual expertise, staying current on the best sources of external evidence (e.g., peer-reviewed research), and prioritizing client values and expectations.

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4
Q

The OPT(optimum performance training)model has how many phases and what are they?

A 
Phase 1- stabilization endurance 
Phase 2- strength endurance 
Phase 3- muscular development 
Phase 4- maximal strength 
Phase 5- power
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5
Q

Musculoskeletal system

A

The combined, interworking system of all muscles and bones in the body.

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6
Q

Deconditioned

A

A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased flexibility, and a lack of core and joint stability.

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7
Q

Overweight

A

A body weight greater than what is considered within normal standards; a body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9.

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8
Q

Muscle imbalance

A

When muscles on each side of a joint have altered length-tension relationships.

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9
Q

Joint stability

A

The support provided by tissues surrounding a joint to maintain and provide control during movement.

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10
Q

How many forms of training are there and what are they?

A

Flexibility and mobility

Core strength and stability

Cardiorespiratory (cardio)

Balance

Plyometrics

Speed, agility, and quickness

Resistance

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11
Q

Socioeconomic status

A

The social standing of a person or group that includes education, income, and occupation.

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12
Q

Morbidity

A

The state of having a disease

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13
Q

Mortality

A

A state or a risk of death or dying.

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14
Q

Homeostasis

A

The process by which the human body strives to maintain a relatively stable equilibrium.

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15
Q

There are two basic types of disease. What are they?

A

chronic,

Noncommunicable

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16
Q

definition ofdisease

A

includes any abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of a part of the body

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17
Q

WHO

A

World Health Organization

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18
Q

An acute medical event or disease

A

any medical condition that occurs suddenly and can be treated and healed in a short period of time

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19
Q

chronic disease

A

medical condition that persists for a long duration or cannot be cured altogether, typically lasting for 3 months or more.

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20
Q

Which organization functions as the international public health agency of the United Nations?

A

World Health Organization (WHO)

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21
Q

Which of the following chronic diseases is the leading cause of death in both men and women

A

Coronary artery disease

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22
Q

Risk factor

A

Any attribute, characteristic, or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury.

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23
Q

Metric formula for BMI

A

BMI = weight (kg) ÷ [height (m)]2

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24
Q

Imperial formula: BMI

A

BMI = 703 × weight (lb) ÷ [height (in.)]2

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25
Q

BMI Classification how many? What are they?

A

BMI. Disease Risk. Classification

  1. < 18.5. Increased. Underweight
  2. 18.5–24.9 Low. Healthy weight
  3. 25.0–29.9 Increased. Overweight
  4. 30.0–34.9. High. Obese
  5. 35.0–39.9. Very high. Obesity II
  6. ≥ 40.0. Extremely high. Obesity III
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26
Q

Cholesterol

A

A waxy, fatlike substance found in bodily cells.

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27
Q

Stroke

A

A sudden lack of blood supply to the brain, caused by either a blockage in an artery or ruptured blood vessel.

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28
Q

Heart attack

A

The action that occurs when an artery supplying the heart with blood and oxygen becomes blocked; medically known as a myocardial infarction.

29
Q

Heart failure

A

A condition in which the heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs

30
Q

Heart valve problem

A

A condition that occurs when one or more heart valves do not function properly, causing shortness of breath and reduced oxygen supply to the body.

31
Q

Arrhythmia

A

A problem with the rate or rhythm of a person’s heartbeat. The heart beats too quickly, too slowly, or with an irregular pattern.

32
Q

Ischemic heart disease

A

A category of heart-related problems caused by the narrowing of coronary arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle.

33
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

The processes by which plaque is formed in arteries leading to reduced blood flow.

34
Q

Physical activity

A

Bodily movement that results in energy expenditure and encompasses many modes and intensities. Movement that is not structured exercise such as recreational pursuits (e.g., golfing, gardening, and walking a dog).

35
Q

Hypertension

A

Consistently elevated blood pressure.

36
Q

Systolic blood pressure (SBP)

A

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting; the first (top) number recorded.

37
Q

Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)

A

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when heart is at rest or between beats; the second (bottom) number recorded.

38
Q

two main types of cholesterol in the body. What are they?

A

low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and

high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

39
Q

Diabetes

A

Chronic metabolic disorder, caused by insulin deficiency, which impairs carbohydrate usage and enhances usage of fat and protein.

40
Q

Glucose

A

The simplest form of carbohydrate used by the body for energy.

41
Q

Insulin resistance

A

The inability of the cells to respond to insulin; occurs in type 2 diabetes

42
Q

Cancer

A

A group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

43
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

A general term used to describe progressive lung diseases, including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and refractory (nonreversible) asthma

44
Q

Endorphins

A

A group of hormones secreted by the brain that provides a variety of physiological functions, such as reducing the perception of pain

45
Q

What is themost practicalmeasurement of overweight and obesity?

A

BMI

46
Q

What is, perhaps, themost challengingof the public health problems faced today?

A

Obesity, due to poor diet and physical inactivity

47
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

The type of muscle tissue that connects to bones and generates the forces that create movement.

48
Q

Sprain

A

A stretching or tearing of ligaments.

49
Q

Plantar fasciitis

A

An inflammation of the fibrous tissue (plantar fascia) along the bottom of the foot, which often results in intense heel pain.

50
Q

lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC) is made up of?

A 
lumbar spine (low-back area), 
pelvis, 
abdomen, and 
hip musculoskeletal structures

and is commonly referred to as “the core.”

51
Q

Patellar tendonitis

A

An injury or inflammation of the tendon that connects the patella (kneecap) to the tibia (shin bone).

52
Q

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear

A

A stretch, partial tear, or complete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee.

53
Q

Medial cruciate ligament (MCL) tear

A

A stretch, partial tear, or complete tear of the medial collateral ligament of the knee.

54
Q

Shoulder impingement syndrome

A

Shoulder pain caused by rotator cuff tissues rubbing against the acromion bone of the shoulder.

55
Q

What are two of themost commonissues at the foot and ankle complex?

A

Ankle sprains and plantar fasciitis

56
Q

What does the termshoulder impingement syndromerefer to?

A

Shoulder pain caused by rotator cuff tissues rubbing against the acromion bone

57
Q

Physical therapists

A

physical therapist is a practitioner who is educated in many areas of physical rehabilitation

58
Q

Athletic trainers

A

An athletic trainer often works alongside physicians, emergency medical technicians, and other healthcare providers to help diagnose and treat injuries.

59
Q

Chiropractors

A

chiropractor is a licensed healthcare professional who primarily deals with conditions relating to spinal alignment.

60
Q

Registered dietitian nutritionists

A

Registered dietitian nutritionists are food and nutrition experts who have met specific academic and professional requirements and passed the required national certification exam.

61
Q

Licensed massage therapists

A

Licensed massage therapists are professionals who practice massage therapy and are licensed to therapeutically manipulate the muscles and other soft tissues of the body through physical touch.

62
Q

Which of the followingmost accuratelydescribes the role of the Certified Personal Trainer?

A

To design safe and effective exercise programs to help clients reach health, wellness, and fitness goals

63
Q

NASM Code of Professional Conduct. How many are there? What are they?

A
  1. Professionalism
  2. Confidentiality
  3. Legal and ethical
  4. Business practice
64
Q

NASM Code of Professional Conduct- Professionalism

A

Treat each colleague and client with the utmost respect and dignity

65
Q

NASM Code of Professional Conduct- confidentiality

A

Store and dispose of client records in a secure manner

66
Q

NASM Code of Professional Conduct- legal and ethical

A

Accept complete responsibility for one’s actions

67
Q

NASM Code of Professional Conduct- business practice

A

Maintain adequate liability insurance

68
Q

What doesscope of practicerepresent?

A

All the things a professional can do within the legal boundaries of their job title

CPT Class (56 decks)

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