Social Development - Phase 1 Flashcards
What are the key phases of social development?
Birth/1month, 2, 5, 9-10 and 18 months
What happens at birth in relation to social development?
A basic attraction to people
What happens at 2 months?
Core relatedness
What happens at 5 months?
Topic-based relatedness
What happens at 9-10 months?
Connected up relatedness
What happened at 18 months?
Cooperative relatedness
What happens at each phase?
Parents adjust to the quality of their infant’s engagement and support their development in new ways
Who completed an experiment on phase 1 - basic attraction?
Goren, Party and Wu
Who were the participants in Goren’s experiment?
40 new borns - median 90 minutes
What did Goren find?
Greater visual preference (following) towards face like stimuli compared to scrambled or blank ones
What did Bakti find in relation to new borns?
Attraction for faces that are ready to engage with eyes open and with eyes forward
What else to new borns show an attraction to?
Voices, especially those that are familiar. There is a first recognition and reaction to maternal voices in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Also, an attraction to mother’s smell
What did Lorenz investigate?
Adult response to infant faces
What is the typical facial configuration of infants?
Big round head, high forehead, big eyes, chubby cheeks and small nose and mouth.
What is the brain response to baby faces?
Motivating caretaking behaviour and is even stronger with own infant
What did Meltzoff and Moore do?
Studied neonatal imitation - mouth opening and tongue protection - if infants replicate this it is a prediction of later speech and verbal movements
What is motherese?
Speech to young children is variously known as infant directed speech or motherese
What is infant directed speech characterised by?
Exaggerated intonation/melody and simple often diminutive vocabulary and repetition.
What do infants prefer IDS or ADS?
Infant directed speech
Is motherese cultural?
Yes, it has similar properties across cultures
What do phase 1 ensure?
Parents have a sympathetic and emotional involvement. Infants have a strong motivation to engage. Ensure they quickly establish a close connection and over the first month lay the foundation for social communication.
