PBD - Neural structure Flashcards
What are the stages of the neural structure developing?
Cell proliferation, cell migration, cell differentiation, programmed cell death and synaptic rearrangement.
What is neural (cell) proliferation?
Massive production of cells occur from approximately 2 to 4 months of gestation but continue until birth and after. However, you are more or less born with all neurons
What is cell migration?
All neurones come from neural precursor cells. These undifferentiated cells can become neurons or glia cells. The the neurons migrate to colonise all parts of the embryonic brain.
What are layers differentiation?
This migration of neurones creates the layers of the cortex. Immature neurones migrate to reach the target layer, the first cells to arrive will be in the deepest layer. Assembled from inside out.
What is cell differentiation?
The adult brain has different types of neurones. They come from precursor cells. When the cells migrate they start to differentiate and become the neural cell they will be throughout your life.
What is genesis of connection?
A neuron is formed of a cell bond, dendrites and the axon. They interconnect through their axons to form a network. Connected neurons process the same information in chain. As neurones differentiate, they extend axons that much find their appropriate targets.
What can the growing axon do?
It is able to travel in the developing brain to connect to their target. The tip of the axon is guided by special proteins and repulsed by others until it finds a proper target neurone to connect with.
What is another name for cell death?
Apoptosis
What is Cell Death?
This process discards neurones that did not connect to any other. Basically cells without a role will be removed from the neural network. -> Survival of the connected
What is the competition step synapses enter?
Synaptic re-arrangement
What is survival of the most efficient?
Elimination of synapses that don’t receive signal. This arrangement is activity dependent.
What is an example of an environmental influence on the brain structure?
Nerves linking the eyes and brain have strict organisation. RVF -> LH LVF-> RH,
