Sinusitis

Question 1

What are the causative organisms for Sinusitis?

Answer 1

Viruses,

Various bacteria, often mixed infection Various fungi

Question 2

What are the most common modes of transmission for Sinusitis caused by viruses?

Answer 2

Direct contact, indirect contact

Question 3

What are the virulence factors for Sinusitis caused by viruses?

Answer 3

–

Question 4

How do you culture Sinusitis caused by viruses?

Answer 4

Culture not usually performed; diagnosis based on clinical presentation

Question 5

How do you prevent Sinusitis caused by viruses?

Answer 5

Hygiene

Question 6

How do you treat Sinusitis caused by viruses?

Answer 6

None

Question 7

What are the distinctive features of Sinusitis caused by viruses?

Answer 7

Viral and bacterial much more common than fungal

Question 8

What are the epidemiological features of Sinusitis caused by viruses?

Answer 8

Commonly follows the common cold

Question 9

What are the most common modes of transmission for Sinusitis caused by various bacteria (often mixed infection)?

Answer 9

Endogenous (opportunism)

Question 10

What are the virulence factors for Sinusitis caused by various bacteria (often mixed infection)?

Question 11

How do you culture/diagnose Sinusitis caused by various bacteria (often mixed infection)?

Answer 11

Culture not usually performed; diagnosis based on clinical presentation, occasionally X rays or other imaging technique used

Question 12

How do you prevent Sinusitis caused by various bacteria (often mixed infection)?

Question 13

How do you treat Sinusitis caused by various bacteria (often mixed infection)?

Answer 13

Recommendation is for no antibiotics unless it remains unresolved for some weeks

Question 14

What are the distinctive features of Sinusitis caused by various bacteria (often mixed infection)?

Answer 14

Viral and bacterial much more common than fungal

Question 15

What are the epidemiological features of Sinusitis caused by various bacteria (often mixed infection)?

Answer 15

United States: affects 1 of 7 adults; between 12 and 30 million diagnoses per year

Question 16

What are the most common modes of transmission for Sinusitis caused by various fungi?

Answer 16

Introduction by trauma or opportunistic overgrowth

Question 17

What are the virulence factors for Sinusitis caused by various fungi?

Question 18

How do you culture/diagnose Sinusitis caused by various fungi?

Answer 18

Culture not usually performed; diagnosis based on clinical presentation

Question 19

How do you prevent Sinusitis caused by various fungi?

Question 20

How do you treat Sinusitis caused by various fungi?

Answer 20

Physical removal of fungus; in severe cases, antifungals used

Question 21

What are the distinctive features for Sinusitis caused by various fungi?

Answer 21

Suspect in immunocompromised patients

Question 22

What are the epidemiological features of Sinusitis caused by various fungi?

Answer 22

Fungal sinusitis varies with geography; in United States, more common in SE and SW; internationally: more common in India, North Africa, Middle East