Intestinal Distress

Question 1

What are the causative organisms of Intestinal Distress?

Answer 1

Enterobius vernicularis (pinworm), 
Trichuris trichura (whipworm), 
Diphyloborthium latum (fish tapeworm), 
Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta.
Taenia solium (pork tapewom)

Question 2

What form of Intestinal Distress is Enterobius venicluaris?

Answer 2

Helminth

Question 3

What type of helminth is Enterobius vernicularis?

Answer 3

Pinworm

Question 4

What are the most common modes of transmission for Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

Answer 4

Cycle A; vehicle (food, water), formites, self-inoculation

Question 5

What are the virulence factors for Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

Question 6

How do you culture/diagnose Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

Answer 6

Adhesive tape + microscopy

Question 7

How do you prevent Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

Answer 7

Hygiene

Question 8

How do you treatt Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

Answer 8

Mebendazole, piperazine

Question 9

What are the distinctive features of Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

Answer 9

Common in United States

Question 10

What are the epidemiological features of Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

Answer 10

United States: up to 40 million cases per year

Question 11

What form of Intestinal Distress is Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

Answer 11

Helminth

Question 12

What type of helminth is Trichuris trichura?

Answer 12

Whipworm

Question 13

What are the most common modes of transmission in Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

Answer 13

Cycle A: vehicle (soil), fecal-oral

Question 14

What are the virulence factors for Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

Answer 14

Burrowing and invasiveness

Question 15

How do you culture/diagnose Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

Answer 15

Blood count, serology, egg or worm detection

Question 16

How do you prevent Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

Answer 16

Hygiene, sanitation

Question 17

How do you treat Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

Answer 17

Mebendazole

Question 18

What are the distinctive features of Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

Answer 18

Humans sole host

Question 19

What are the epidemiological features of Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

Answer 19

United States: prevalence approximately 0.1%; internationally: prevalence as high as 80% in Southeast Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, and Central and South America

Question 20

What form of Intestinal Distress is Diphyllobothrium latum?

Answer 20

Helminth

Question 21

What type of helminth is Diphyllobothrium latum?

Answer 21

Fish tapeworm

Question 22

What are the most common modes of transmission for Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

Answer 22

Cycle C; vehicle (seafood)

Question 23

What are the virulence factors for Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

Answer 23

Vitamin B 12 usuage

Question 24

How do you culture/diagnose Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

Answer 24

Blood count, serology, egg or worm detection

Question 25

How do you prevent Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

Answer 25

Cook meat

Question 26

How do you treat Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

Answer 26

Praziquantel

Question 27

What are the distinctive features of Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

Answer 27

Large human tapeworm; can be up to 30 feet long; anemia

Question 28

What are the epidemiological features of Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

Answer 28

Estimated 20 million infections worldwide

Question 29

What form of Intestinal Distress is Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta?

Answer 29

Helminth

Question 30

What type of helminth are Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta?

Answer 30

Tapeworm

Question 31

What are the most common modes of transmission for Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

Answer 31

Cycle C; vehicle (ingesting insects), fecal-oral

Question 32

What are the virulence factors for Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

Answer 32

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Question 33

How do you culture/diagnose Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

Answer 33

Blood count, serology, egg or worm detection

Question 34

How do you prevent Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

Answer 34

Hygiene environment

Question 35

How do you treat Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

Answer 35

Praziquantel

Question 36

What are the distinctive features of (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

Answer 36

Most common tapeworm infection

Question 37

What are the epidemiological features (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

Answer 37

United States: prevalence approximately 0.4%; internationally: the single most prevalent tapeworm infection