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Microbiology > Intestinal Distress > Flashcards

Intestinal Distress Flashcards

1
Q

What are the causative organisms of Intestinal Distress?

A 
Enterobius vernicularis (pinworm), 
Trichuris trichura (whipworm), 
Diphyloborthium latum (fish tapeworm), 
Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta.
Taenia solium (pork tapewom)
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2
Q

What form of Intestinal Distress is Enterobius venicluaris?

A

Helminth

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3
Q

What type of helminth is Enterobius vernicularis?

A

Pinworm

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4
Q

What are the most common modes of transmission for Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

A

Cycle A; vehicle (food, water), formites, self-inoculation

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5
Q

What are the virulence factors for Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

A
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6
Q

How do you culture/diagnose Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

A

Adhesive tape + microscopy

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7
Q

How do you prevent Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

A

Hygiene

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8
Q

How do you treatt Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

A

Mebendazole, piperazine

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9
Q

What are the distinctive features of Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

A

Common in United States

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10
Q

What are the epidemiological features of Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

A

United States: up to 40 million cases per year

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11
Q

What form of Intestinal Distress is Intestinal Distress (Enterobius verniculais)?

A

Helminth

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12
Q

What type of helminth is Trichuris trichura?

A

Whipworm

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13
Q

What are the most common modes of transmission in Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

A

Cycle A: vehicle (soil), fecal-oral

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14
Q

What are the virulence factors for Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

A

Burrowing and invasiveness

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15
Q

How do you culture/diagnose Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

A

Blood count, serology, egg or worm detection

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16
Q

How do you prevent Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

A

Hygiene, sanitation

17
Q

How do you treat Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

A

Mebendazole

18
Q

What are the distinctive features of Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

A

Humans sole host

19
Q

What are the epidemiological features of Intestinal Distress (Trichuris trichiura)?

A

United States: prevalence approximately 0.1%; internationally: prevalence as high as 80% in Southeast Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, and Central and South America

20
Q

What form of Intestinal Distress is Diphyllobothrium latum?

21
Q

What type of helminth is Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Fish tapeworm

22
Q

What are the most common modes of transmission for Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

A

Cycle C; vehicle (seafood)

23
Q

What are the virulence factors for Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

A

Vitamin B 12 usuage

24
Q

How do you culture/diagnose Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

A

Blood count, serology, egg or worm detection

25
Q

How do you prevent Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

26
Q

How do you treat Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

A

Praziquantel

27
Q

What are the distinctive features of Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

A

Large human tapeworm; can be up to 30 feet long; anemia

28
Q

What are the epidemiological features of Intestinal Distress (Diphyllobothrium latum)?

A

Estimated 20 million infections worldwide

29
Q

What form of Intestinal Distress is Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta?

30
Q

What type of helminth are Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta?

31
Q

What are the most common modes of transmission for Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

A

Cycle C; vehicle (ingesting insects), fecal-oral

32
Q

What are the virulence factors for Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

33
Q

How do you culture/diagnose Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

A

Blood count, serology, egg or worm detection

34
Q

How do you prevent Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

A

Hygiene environment

35
Q

How do you treat Intestinal Distress (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

A

Praziquantel

36
Q

What are the distinctive features of (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

A

Most common tapeworm infection

37
Q

What are the epidemiological features (Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta)?

A

United States: prevalence approximately 0.4%; internationally: the single most prevalent tapeworm infection

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