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Microbiology > Botulism > Flashcards

Botulism Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the causative organism(s) of Botulism?

A

Clostridium botulinum

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2
Q

What form of botulism is Clostridium botulinum?

A

Bacterial, gram-positive

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3
Q

What are the most common modes of transmission for Clostridium botulinum?

A

Vehicle (foodborne toxin, airborne organism); direct contact (wound); parenteral (injection)

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4
Q

What are the virulence factors of Clostridium botulinum?

A

Botulinum exotoxin

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5
Q

How do you culture/diagnose Clostridium botulinum infection?

A

Culture of organism; demonstration of toxin

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6
Q

How do you prevent Clostridium botulinum infection?

A

Food hygiene; toxoid immunization available for laboratory professionals

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7
Q

How do you treat Clostridium botulinum infection?

A

Antitoxin, penicillin G for wound botulism, supportive care

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8
Q

What are the epidemiological features of Clostridium botulinum?

A

United States: 75% of botulism is infant botulism; approximately 100-150 cases annually.

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