Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia

Question 1

What are the causative organisms of Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia?

Answer 1

Gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria from upper respiratory tact or stomach; environmental contamination of ventilator

Question 2

What are the most common modes of transmission of Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia?

Answer 2

Endogenous (aspiration)

Question 3

What are the virulence factors for Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia?

Question 4

How do you culture/diagnose Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia?

Answer 4

Culture of lung fluids

Question 5

How do you prevent Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia?

Answer 5

Elevating patient’s head, preoperative education, care of respiratory equipment

Question 6

How do you treat Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia?

Answer 6

Varies by etiology

Question 7

What are the epidemiological features of Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia?

Answer 7

United States: 300,000 cases per year; occurs in 0.5% to 1.0% of admitted patients; mortality rate in United States and internationally is 20% to 50%