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Acute Encephalitis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the causative organisms of Acute Encephalitis?

A

Arboviruses, Herpes Simplex virus 1 or 2, JC virus, Postinfection Encephalitis

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2
Q

What are all the Arboviruses?

A 
West Nile virus
La Crosse virus
Jamestown Canyon virus
St. Louis encephalitis virus
Powassann virus
Eastern equine encephalitis vius
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3
Q

What are the most common modes of transmission for Arbovirues (West Nile virus, La Crosse virus, Jamestown Canyon virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Powassan virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus)?

A

Vector (arthropod bites)

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4
Q

What are the virulence factors for Arboviruses (West Nile virus, La Crosse virus, Jamestown Canyon virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Powassan virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus)?

A

Attachment, fusion, invasion capabilities

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5
Q

How do you culture/diagnose Arboviruses (West Nile virus, La Crosse virus, Jamestown Canyon virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Powassan virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus)?

A

History, rapid serological tests, nucleic acid amplification tests

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6
Q

How do you prevent Arrboviruses (West Nile virus, La Crosse virus, Jamestown Canyon virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Powassan virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus) infection?

A

Insect control

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7
Q

How do you treat Arboviruses (West Nile virus, La Crosse virus, Jamestown Canyon virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Powassan virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus) infection?

A

None

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8
Q

What are distinctive features of Arboviruses (West Nile virus, La Crosse virus, Jamestown Canyon virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Powassan virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus) infection?

A

History of exposure to insect important; EEV–Category B Bioterrorisim Agent

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9
Q

What are the epidemiological features of Arboviruses (West Nile virus, La Crosse virus, Jamestown Canyon virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Powassan virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus)?

A

See incidence rates in Figure 19.11

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10
Q

What form of Acute Encephalitis is Herpes simplex 1 or 2?

A

Virus

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11
Q

What are the most common modes of transmission for Herpes simplex 1 or 2?

A

Vertical or reactivation of laten infection

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12
Q

What are teh virulence factors for Herpes simplex 1 or 2?

A
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13
Q

How do you culture/diagnose Herpes simplex 1 or 2?

A

Clinical presentation, PCR, Ab tests, growth of virus in cell culture

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14
Q

How do you prevent Herpes simplex 1 or 2 infection?

A

Maternal screening for HSV

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15
Q

How do you treat for Herpes simplex 1 or 2?

A

Acyclovir

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16
Q

What are the distinctive features of Herpes simplex 1 or 2?

A

In infants, disseminated disease present; rare between 30 and 50 years

17
Q

What are the epidemiological features of Herpes simplex 1 or 2?

A

HSV-1 most common cause of encephalitis; 2 cases per million per year

18
Q

What form of acute encephalitis is JC virus?

19
Q

What are the most common modes of transmission for JC virus?

A

? Ubiquitious

20
Q

What are the virulence factors for JC virus?

21
Q

How do you culture/diagnose JC virus infection?

A

PCR of cerebrospinal fluid

22
Q

How do you prevent JC virus infection?

23
Q

How do you treat JC virus infection?

A

No drugs proven effective; melfloquine and others have been used

24
Q

What are the distinctive factors for JC virus?

A

In severely immunocompromised, especially AIDS

25
What are the epidemiological features for JC virus?
Affects 5% of adults with untreated AIDS
26
What are the most common modes of transmission for Postinfection Encephalitis?
Sequelae of measles, other viral infections, and occasionally, vaccination
27
What are the virulence factors for Postinfection Encephalitis?
----
28
How do you culture/diagnose Postinfection Encephalitis?
Historry of virla infection or vaccination
29
How do you prevent Postinfection Encephalitis?
---
30
How do you treat Postinfection Encephalitis?
Steriods, anti-inflammatory agents
31
What are distinctive features of Postinfection Encephalitis?
History of virus/vaccine exposurer critical
32
What are the epidemiological featurers of Postinfection Encephalitis?
Rare in United States due to vaccination; more common in developing countries, more common inn boys than girls

Microbiology (47 decks)

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