Semester 2 Final Flashcards
Where is the pituitary gland located
The sella turcica of the sphenoid bone
Where is the thyroid located
In the neck at the level of the larynx
What would be classified as a destructive disease
Osteoporosis
The production of x radiation that occurs in an x-ray tube requires the movement of negatively charged particles traveling from one side of the tube to another. This movement of charges must occur in
A vacuum
X-ray film imaging has been replaced by
Computed radiography (CR)
Direct digital detector technology
Digital radiography systems
Which stomach pathology is defined as an inflammation of the mucosal lining
Gastritis
Where is the x-ray tube located for fluoroscopy
Under the table
What would happen to a radiograph if the reciprocating grid is not activated.
Grid lines
Which factors would be used to control contrast
Collimation
As grid ratio increases, the scale of contrast will
Shorten
What determines the wavelength of an x-ray
Kilovoltage
What is the minimum filtration of an x-ray machine above 70 kVp
2.5 mm/ aluminum equivalent
Long scale contrast best refers to
Low contrast
As distance increases, _____will______
Intensity, decrease
The quantity of x-rays is proportional to
mAs
Referring to the heel effect, the thickest portion should be placed on the ______ side of the tube
Cathode
An outer shell electron is knocked out, and the x-ray photon gives up some energy and is scattered. This is referring to
Compton
When shielding an infant during fluoroscopy, the lead shielding should be placed
Under the infant
Two ways to protect a patient from radiation are
Collimation, Shielding
If the intensity of the beam is 100 mR at 72”, what will the intensity be at 36”
The intensity is four times as great
How will an increase in kVp affect a film
It will have no effect
High-speed class will do what to patient dose
Lower patient dose
Compton interactions are scattering events while photoelectric interactions are absorption events (T/F)
True
Reducing the size of the x-ray beam will
Result in less density on the film
Grid cutoff= SID/Grid ratio (T/F)
True
mAs and patient dose are directly proportional (T/F)
True
An increase in mass will
Increase the number of x-rays in the beam
An increase in filtration will
Increase the average energy of the beam
Decrease the total number of x-rays in the beam
Will harden the beam
More x-rays will be produced with a tungsten anode than a molybdenum anode (T/F)
True
IP phosphors can be arranged in a turbid or columnar orientation (T/F)
True
An IP phosphor with higher DQE would require a lower mAs to produce a diagnostic image (T/F)
True
A hypersthenic patient when compared to an asthenic patient will
Cause the film to be lighter if the same technique is used
Cause the film to demonstrate a longer scale of contrast with the same technique
Will cause less recorded detail and more distortion on the film
Diseases that result from an abnormal cellular proliferation and function are
Neoplastic
What may be used to describe fractures
The integrity of overlying skin
Direction of the fracture lines
Number of fracture fragments
What is the most serious complication of esophageal varices
Hemorrhage
What are the symptoms of a stroke
Ataxia
Hemiparesis
Vertigo
What is the primary disadvantage of radiographic imaging of the hepatobiliary system
Need for contrast administration increases patient risk
What type of hematoma is caused by venous bleeding in the cranium
Subdural hematoma
What is the common cause of an inability to empty the urinary bladder in males
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
A mass with irregular borders and radiating spicules are the image characteristics of a
Malignant pulmonary neoplasm
What are some chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
Bronchitis
Emphysema
Which radiographic contrast procedure will demonstrate the competency of the ureteral valves
Cystography
A disease in the number of red blood cells in circulation due to bleeding or decreased production defines
Anemia
What is the cause of hydronephrosis
Blockage above the level of the bladder
The central ray angulation for the AP ankle projection is
0 degrees
The roof of the posterior wall of the nasopharynx contains a mass of lymphoid tissue known as the
Pharyngeal tonsil
What is the central ray angulation for the lateral projection of the thoracic spine if the vertebral column is not elevated to a horizontal plane
10 to 15 degrees cephalad
All of the following positions are used to demonstrate the hand in the lateral projection
Ulnar surface on IR, hand extended
Radial surface on IR, hand extended
Ulnar surface on IR, digits in fan lateral
A properly exposed abdominal image will exhibit all of the following
Psoas muscles
Transverse processes of the lumbar spine
Lower boarder of the liver
What joints should be demonstrated on the AP projection of the forearm
Wrist
Elbow
What should be clearly demonstrated on an AP or PA oblique projection of the lungs
Both lungs in their entirety
The trachea filled with air
Which plane must be accurately parallel with the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during the lateral chest radiograph
Midsagittal plane
Which is the most common imaging modality for examination of the soft palate, pharynx, and larynx
Computed tomography
The central ray angle for a lateral coccyx and sacrum is
0 degrees
What is the central ray angle for an AP projection of the femur
0 Degrees
If the patient places the back of the hand against the hip, the humerus will be in
Internal rotation
Which of the following is the recommended breathing technique that should be used when examining the ribs that lie at the level of the diaphragm
Two deep expirations and hold
Fluid that collects in the pleural cavity is termed
Pleural effusion
A serious fracture in which the broken bone or bones project through the skin is called a ____ Fracture
Open
What is the central ray angle for the AP axial projection (Ferguson Method) of the lumbosacral junction
30-35 degrees cephalad
What is the most common image receptor general position
Lengthwise
A tubelike passageway running within the bone is called a
Meatus
How many degrees of body rotation is required for a routine AP or PA oblique chest radiography
45
Which position of the hand will place the humerus in internal rotation
Back of the hand against the thigh
What will be shown in profile if the lower limbs are in the correct position for an AP pelvis
Greater trochanters
How much should the body be rotated for a PA oblique projection of the sternum
15 to 20 degrees
Which projection of the foot will show the cuboid in profile
AP oblique, medial rotation
Which of the following exposure field size and orientation is for the AP projection of the lower ribs
14x17 inches crosswise
The central ray is directed to which of the following for an AP or AP axial projection of the foot
Base of the third metatarsal
Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP hip
2 inches distal on a line drawn perpendicular to the midpoint of a line between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis
The respiration phase for an AP projection of the shoulder should be
Suspended
What forms the ankle mortise
Lateral malleolus of the fibula
Inferior surface of the tibia
Medial malleolus of the tibia
The AP axial projection (Bridgeman method) requires that the central ray be directed
40 degrees caudad
All of the joints of the vertebral column are synovial-freely movable-except one, what is the joint
Intervertebral
Nervousness, discomfort, and fear are causes of
voluntary motion
The angle of the articulation between the sacrum and the ilia (sacroiliac joints) is ____degrees
25 to 30
An increase in SID will result in what
Decreased magnification
Increased spatial resolution
