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Radiology courses > Bony Thorax > Flashcards

Bony Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

The bony thorax is formed by

A

Sternum

12 Pairs of ribs

12 Thoracic vertebrae

12 Pairs of costal cartilages

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2
Q

The bony thorax is

A

Conical in shape

Narrow at the tip

The posterior side is longer than the anterior side

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3
Q

Functions of the bony thorax

A

Protects the heart

Supports the wall of pleural cavity and the diaphragm

Made to vary the volume of the thoracic cavity during the respiration.

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4
Q

Sternum (Breastbone) is

A

Centered on the midline of anterior thorax

A narrow, flat bone

Approximately 6 inches (15 cm) long

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5
Q

Three parts of the sternum are

A

The manubrium-Superior

The body (Gladiolus)-Center

The xiphoid process-Inferior

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6
Q

The sternum also

A

Supports the clavicles at the manubrium angles

Forms sternoclavicular (SC) joints

Provides attachment for costal cartilages of the first seven pairs of ribs at the lateral borders.

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7
Q

Manubrium

A

A palpable landmark that has a jugular notch at the superior border

It lies at the T2-T3 interspaces.

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8
Q

Body (gladiolus)

A

Is the longest portion (approx 4 inches or 10.2 cm)

The body is joined to the manubrium at the sternal angle which is palpable and lies at the T4-T5 interspaces.

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9
Q

Xiphoid process

A

Is the distal, smallest portion.

Deviates from the midline.

Also a useful landmark that lies over T10

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10
Q

Costo

A

Rib

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11
Q

Chondro

A

Cartilage

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12
Q

Costovertebral

A

The head of the rib articulates with the vertebral body

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13
Q

Costotransverse

A

The rib articulates with the transverse process of the vertebra

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14
Q

Costrochondral

A

The sternal end of the rib articulates with the costal cartilage

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15
Q

Costrosternal

A

The costal cartilage articulates with the costal notch of the sternum

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16
Q

Interchondral

A

The joint between the 7-10 costal cartilages

17
Q

Sternoclavicular

A

The clavicle articulates with the clavicular notch of the sternum

18
Q

Manubriosternal

A

The manubrium articulates with the body of the sternum

19
Q

Xiphosternal

A

The body of the sternum articulates with the xiphoid process.

20
Q

Ribs

A

Are elastic arches of bone.

Form a large part of the thoracic skeleton.

Form a kind of cage that encloses the upper body.

Give the chest its shape.

They increase in length from 1-7, then decrease to 12

21
Q

Purpose of ribs

A

Protect the heart and lungs from injuries and shocks that might damage them.

Protect parts of the stomach, spleen, and kidneys.

The ribs help you breathe

22
Q

True (vertebrosternal) ribs are

A

The first 7 bones. They are connected to the spine in the back. They are connected to the breastbone or sternum by a strip of cartilage called costal cartilage.

23
Q

False (vertebrochondral) ribs are

A

Bones 8-10. These bones are slightly shorter than the true ribs and are connected to the spine in the back.

These ribs attach to the lowest true rib (7th rib)

24
Q

Floating (vertebral) ribs

A

Bones 11-12. Floating ribs are smaller than both the true ribs and the false ribs.

Attach to the spine at the back, but are not connected to anything in the front.

These ribs are also considered false ribs.

25
Q

Anatomy of the ribs

A

Head

Neck

Tubercle

Body

Angle

26
Q

Head of the ribs

A

Articulates with the vertebral body.

Has 2 facets, the inferior one articulates with the body of the numerically corresponding vertebra and the superior articulates with the vertebra immediately above.

These joints are called costovertebral joints.

27
Q

The neck of the Rib

A

Is a constricted portion of the bone situated between the head and the tubercle.

28
Q

Tubercle of the ribs

A

Articulate with the transverse process of the thoracic spine.

It is a prominence on the outer surface of the rib at the junction of the neck and shaft.

Contains a facet for articulation with the transverse process of the numerically corresponding vertebra.

These form the costotransverse joints.

29
Q

Body of the ribs (shaft)

A

The body is thin, flattened, and twisted on its long axis.

The inferior border has a groove known as the costal groove.

30
Q

The angle of the rib

A

Is formed where the shaft of the rib bends sharply forwards.

The anterior end of each rib is attached to the corresponding costal cartilage through which it is jointed to the sternum.

31
Q

Costal Cartilage of the ribs

A

Link the ribs to the sternum.

They ossify along the edges in males and in the center in females after the age of 50.

The xiphosternal joint ossified around the age of 20.

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