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Radiology courses > Large bowel > Flashcards

Large bowel Flashcards

1
Q

How long is the alimentary canal

A

30 feet

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2
Q

The widest portion of the small bowel is the

A

Duodenum

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3
Q

What is the length of the large intestine

A

5 feet

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4
Q

The wall of the colon is composed of how many layers

A

Four

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5
Q

The vermiform appendix of the colon is attached to the

A

Cecum

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6
Q

The opening between the small intestine and the large intestine is called the

A

Ileocecal valve

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7
Q

The contraction waves by which the digestive tube moves its contents towards the rectum are called

A

Peristalsis

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8
Q

How long is does it take barium to go through the alimentary canal and reach the rectum

A

24 hours

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9
Q

Which of the following contrast media are used for examinations of the gastrointestinal tract

A

Air

Barium sulfate

Water-soluble iodinated solution

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10
Q

The most common contrast medium used for radiologic examinations of the gastrointestinal tract is

A

Barium sulfate

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11
Q

What is the absolute maximum exposure time for images of the GI tract to avoid imaging peristaltic motion

A

0.5 seconds

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12
Q

One of the most important technical considerations in gastrointestinal radiography is

A

Elimination of motion

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13
Q

Methods of radiographically examining the colon include

A

Single contrast

Double contrast

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14
Q

For which radiographic exams of the GI tract is “high-density” barium sulfate used

A

Double contrast

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15
Q

The primary importance of preparation of the intestinal tract for examination of the colon is that

A

Retained fecal matter can simulate pathology

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16
Q

Inflation of the retention balloon for a barium enema should be inflated by the

A

Radiologist using fluoroscopy

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17
Q

In which position should the patient be placed to insert the enema tip for a barium enema

A

Sims

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18
Q

How far above the anus is the enema bag placed during a barium enema

A

18-24 inches

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19
Q

Where is the IR centered on sthenic patients for the double contrast images of the large intestine

A

Iliac crest

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20
Q

The respiration phase for all projections of the large intestine is

A

Suspended respiration

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21
Q

All of the following projections are taken for barium enemas that will demonstrate the rectosigmoid

A

Lateral

PA Axial

AP Axial

22
Q

What is the central ray angulation for the PA axial projection of the large intestine

A

30-40 cuadad

23
Q

The degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection (RAO or LAO) of the large intestine is ____ degrees

A

35-45 degrees

24
Q

At which plane is the central ray positioned for the PA oblique projection (LAO or RAO) of the large intestine

A

A longitudinal plane 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side

25
Q

Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the right colic flexure

A

PA oblique RAO

26
Q

Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the ascending colon

A

PA oblique RAO

27
Q

The PA oblique projection of the colon done in the LAO position clearly demonstrates the

A

Descending colon

28
Q

Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the left colic flexure

A

PA oblique LAO

29
Q

At what level is the center of the IR positioned for a lateral projection of the rectosigmoid area

A

ASIS

30
Q

Which plane is centered to the grid for a lateral projection of the large intestine

A

Midcoronal Plane

31
Q

The central ray angulation for the AP axial projection of the large intestine is

A

30-40 degrees cephalad

32
Q

The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the large intestine is

A

35 to 45

33
Q

Which projections will clearly demonstrate the right colic flexure

A

AP oblique LPO

PA oblique RAO

34
Q

Which projections will clearly demonstrate the descending colon

A

PA oblique LAO

AP oblique RPO

35
Q

Where is the IR centered for all decubitus projections of the large intestine

A

Iliac crest

36
Q

The general term used to describe the surgical procedure of forming an artificial opening to the intestine for the passage of fecal matter is

A

Enterostomy

37
Q

Which projection is used for images made during defecography

A

Lateral

38
Q

What percentage of the population will have a combination of sthenic and hyposthenic body habitus

A

85%

39
Q

The large intestine is made up of a series of pouches called the

A

Haustra

40
Q

The pouchlike portion of the large intestine that is situated below the junction of the ileum and the colon is the

A

Cecum

41
Q

The ascending portion of the colon joins the transverse colon at the

A

Right colic flexure

42
Q

For which type of body habitus is the large intestine bunched together and positioned very low in the abdomen

A

Asthenic

43
Q

How far is the enema tip inserted into the rectum for a colon examination

A

No more than 4 inches

44
Q

The entire colon is best demonstrated in which projection

A

PA or AP

45
Q

Which projection of the colon will best demonstrate the medial aspect of the ascending colon and the lateral aspect of the descending colon when the colon is inflated with air

A

AP, Right lateral decubitus

46
Q

Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the lateral aspect of the ascending colon and the medial aspect of the descending colon, when the colon os inflated with air

A

AP, left lateral decubitus

47
Q

Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the posterior portions of the colon

A

Lateral, ventral decubitus

48
Q

Which two are components of the alimentary canal

A

Stomach and Pharynx

49
Q

Which two are the main functions of the large intestine

A

Reabsorption of fluids

Elimination of Waste products

50
Q

Which two positions will demonstrate the right colic flexure

A

RAO and LPO

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