Respiration - Systems In the Human Body

Question 1

What does Respiration mean?

Answer 1

Process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose
Goes on in every cell all of the time.
Used for all living processes

Question 2

Is respiration exothermic or endothermic?

Answer 2

Exothermic - transfers energy to environment

Question 3

What are three examples of how respiration transfers energy in organisms?

Answer 3

to build up larger molecules from smaller ones
in animals, to move about
in mammals and birds, to keep warm

Question 4

What is the definition of metabolism?

Answer 4

All the chemical reactions in an organism

Question 5

What does aerobic respiration need, and what does it do?

Answer 5

Needs plenty of oxygen.
Goes on all the time in plants and animals
Most of the reactions in aerobic respiration happens inside mitochondria

Question 6

What is the word equation for respiration?

Answer 6

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
C_6H_120_6 + O_2 -> CO_2 + H_2O

Question 7

When is anaerobic respiration used, and what is it?

Answer 7

Used when there’s not enough oxygen
It’s the incomplete breakdown of glucose
Doesn’t transfer as much energy as aerobic respiration, as glucose hasn’t combined with oxygen

Question 8

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

Answer 8

glucose -> lactic acid

Question 9

how is anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast slightly different?

Answer 9

Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called fermentation
Used to make bread, alcoholic drinks.

Question 10

How come exercise makes you respire more?

Answer 10

Muscles need energy from respiration to contract
When you exercise, your muscles contract more often, which means you need more energy from increased respiration.
This increase in respiration in your cells means you get more oxygen into them, by; breathing rate increasing, breath volume increases, and heart rate increases.

Question 11

How does hard exercise lead to anaerobic respiration?

Answer 11

Body can’t supply oxygen to muscles quickly enough
Causes body to do anaerobic respiration
Lactic acid builds up- causing pain.
Long periods of exercise caused muscle fatigue.

Question 12

How does anaerobic respiration lead to oxygen debt?

Answer 12

Amount of extra oxygen your body needs after exercise.
Your lungs, heart and blood couldn’t keep up with the demand of oxygen earlier on, so you need to repay oxygen you didn’t get to your muscles in time.
This causes heavy breathing after exercise stopped- gets more oxygen into blood.