Particle Model And Motion In Gases - State Of Matter

Question 1

What Are the three states of matter

Answer 1

Materials come in three different forms, solid liquids and gas. These are the three states of matter. Particle theory is a model where each particle is seen as small, solid speres.
you can only use particle theory to show what solid liquids and gases are like
it can be used to explain how the particles in solid liquids and gases behave

Question 2

Explain the arrangement of particles in solids,

Answer 2

Strong forces of attraction between particles
Held close together in fixed positions to form a pattern
Solids have fixed shape and volume
Particles dont have much energy, so they vibrate in a fixed position.

Question 3

Explain the particle arrangement in liquid

Answer 3

Weak forces of attraction between particles
Theyre randomly arranged and free to move past eachither, but they tend to stick closely together
Liquids have a fixed volume but dont keep a fixed shape,
So they flow to fill the bottom of container.
They have more energy than particles in a solid, and can move past eachother in random directions at slow speeds.

Question 4

Explain particle arrangement in gases.

Answer 4

Forces of attraction are very weak.
Particles are free to move and spaced far apart
Particles in gases travel in straight lines.
Gases dont have a fixed shape or volume. Always fill containers.
Have more energy than particles in liquids and solids, so constantly move in random directions at varying speeds.

Question 5

State symbols meaning

Answer 5

(S) - solid
(l) - liquid
(g) - gas
(aq) - aqueous (dissolved in water)

Question 6

Motion in gases

Answer 6

Particles in gas are free to move around.
They collide with eachither and sides of container theyre in.
When they hit something, they apply a force to it. Pressure in the force applied over a given area.

Question 7

How does increasing the temperature of a gas increase pressure?

Answer 7

The temperature of a gas depends on the average energy in the kinetic energy stores of the gas particles.
The hotter the gas, the higher the average kinetic energy.
If particles have more energy in kinetic energy store, they move faster, which increases force on containers as they bump into it,
So increasinf temperature of a gas increases the pressure.
Only works if the space gas takes up/ volume doesnt change.