Plants and Photosynthesis Flashcards
What does epidermal tissue do in a plant?
Covers whole plant.
What does the palisade mesophyll tissue do in plant?
Part of leaf where most photosynthesis happens.
What does the spongy metophyll do in a plant?
Has big air spaces.
Allows gases to diffuse in and out of cells.
What does xylem and phloem do in plants?
Transports things like water, mineral ions and food around roots stems and leaves.
What does the meristem tissues do in plants? where are they found?
found in growing tips of shoots and roots.
What happens in the leaf?
photosynthesis and gas exchange.
Where is the upper epidermis in the leaf and what does it do?
Layer is transparent and lets light through to the palisade layer.
Where is the palisade layer in the leaf and what does it do?
Has a lot of chloroplasts
They’re near the top of leaf to get more lights.
Where is the spongy mesophyll layer found in leaf and what does it do?
Middle layer
Contains air spaces which increase the rate of diffusion and gases.
Where is the lower epidermis in leaf?
At bottom,
What does stomata do in plant?
Let gases diffuse in and out of leaf.
Open and closed in response to the environment.
Controlled by guard cells.
What does the xylem anf phloem do in leaf?
Bring water and nutrients to the leaf and take away glucose produced by photosynthesis. Also support the leaf.
What does the phloem tubes do in plant?
What are its properties?
Made of elongated living cells.
Have end walls between cells that have pores to allow cell sap to flow through.
Plants make food substances in their leaves, which phloem transports around plant for immediate use or storage.
This transportation goes in both directions.
This process is called translocation,
What do xylem tubes do in plant
What are its properties?
What is transpiration stream?
Made up of dead cells.
Joined with a hole down the middle.
No end wall between cells.
Cells are strengthened with a material called lignin.
Xylem tubes carry water and mineral ions from roots to stem and leaves.
Movement of water from roots, through xylem and out of leaves is called transpiration stream.
What is transpiration?
What is it caused by?
Loss of water from plant.
Caused by evaporation and diffusion of water from a plant’s surface.
- Water evaporated from leaves and diffuses into air,
- Creates a slight shortage of water in the leaf.
More water is drawn up from rest of plant through xylem tubes to replace it, - Constant stream of water through plant is called transpiration stream.
What is transpiration rate affected by?
4 things.
Air flow - more wind, quicker transpiration.
Temperature- warmer it is, faster transpiration happens,
Humidity - more humid means less transpiration
Light intensity - Brighter means more transpiration,
What does the guard cells do in plants?
Stomata are surrounded by guard cells,
These change shape to control size of stomata.
When plant has lots of water, guard cells fills with it and get fat which makes stomata open so gases can be exchanged for photosynthesis.
When plant is short of water, guard cells lose water and stomata close to not allow water vapor to leave.
Usually more stomata on bottom of leaves due to lower surface. is cooler.
