Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > resp-5 gas properties > Flashcards

resp-5 gas properties Flashcards

1
Q

what drives diffusion

A

different partial pressures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is daltons law

A

total pressure is the sum of individual pressures (partial pressures)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what ranges is oxygen Po2

A

150-160mmHg

21%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ficks law of diffusion–> proportionalities

A

diffusion is proportional to area, diffusion constant, (P1-p2) and inverse to thickness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the diffusion constant

A

the amount of gas transferred between the alveoli and the blood/unit time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the diffusion constant proportional to

A

gas solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

does co2 or o2 have a higher diffusion constant

A

co2

more soluble, same molecular weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what entails diffusion constant

A

proportional to solubility, inversely proportional to molecular weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

henrys law

A

the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of gas in which the liquid is in equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what determines concentration of a gas in liquid (2 factors)

A

their solubility and their partial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

why is Po2 in air> po2 in alveoli

A

humidification of air in resp (more water, relative percentage of other molecules decreases)
loss O2 to blood diffusion (hemoglobin)
mixing inspired air with alveolar air (functional residual capacity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what determines alveolar po2 and pco2

A

Po2 and PCO2 in atm
alveolar ventilation
metabolic rate (more you use, more you take)
perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

increasing alveolar ventilation does what do alveolar po2 and pco2

A

increase alveolar po2 and decrease alveolar pco2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

increasing metabolic rate does what do alveolar po2 and pco2

A

decrease alveolar po2 and increase alveolar pco2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what determines arterial levels of gases

A

partial pressure of gas in alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when does getting the first bit of o2 happen (in healthy person)

A

in the first third of the capillary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is cardiac output

A

volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

does systemic or pulmonary system have higher pressure

A

systemic higher pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

why is pulmonary low pressure system

A

only pumps blood to top of lung, shorter and wider vessels

20
Q

why is the pulmonary high compliance vessels

A

lots of arterioles with low restine tone
thin walls and little smooth muscle can accept large amount of blood
can dilate in increase to pressure

21
Q

when would alveolar capillaries collaps

A

if capillary pressure falls below
alveolar pressure, the capillaries close off, diverting blood to other pulmonary
capillary beds with higher pressures

22
Q

what is the ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q0

A

balance
between LUNG ventilation (O2 ATM→ALVEOLI / CO2
ALVEOLI→ATM) and LUNG perfusion (O2 ALVEOLI → BLOOD
/CO2 BLOOD → ALVEOLI).

23
Q

what is a major factor that the ventilation/pefusion ratio affects

A

the alveolar and arterial elvels of Po2 and Pco2

24
Q

more ventilation does what to po2 and pco2

A

more closely alveolar po2 and pco2 will approach their respective valuesof the insipired air

25
Q

more perfusion does what to po2 and pco2

A

the more closely the composition of

local alveolar air will approach that of mixed-venous blood.

26
Q

what does high V/Q ratio mean

A

high ventilation

low perfusion

27
Q

what causes a high V/Q ratio

A

alveolar/physiologic dead space

regions where air reaching them is not taken up by blood (underperfused, like from blood clot)

28
Q

what is ventilation

A

the air that reaches the alveoli

29
Q

what is perfusion

A

the blood that reaches the alveoli

30
Q

What are relative po2 and pco2 in high V/Q ratio

A

high po2 low pco2

similarto air

31
Q

what is anatomical dead space

A

volume of conducting airways that do not participate in gas exchange

32
Q

what is alveolar dead space

A

regions of lung with high V/Q ratios. Regions that are relatively over
ventilated (UNDERPERFUSED) so that a portion of the fresh air reaching these alveoli
can not be taken up by the blood.

33
Q

what could cause high V/Q ratio

A

blood clot, preventing perfusion

34
Q

what could cause a low V/Q ratio

A

airway obstruction

35
Q

What are relative po2 and pco2 in low V/Q ratio

A

low po2 high pco2, no fresh air coming in and cant remove co2

36
Q

what is a shunt

A

portion of venous blood that doesnt get oxygenated and goes back to arterial blood

37
Q

what does the local V/Q ratio determine

A

local alveolar Po2 and Pco2

38
Q

where is perfusion greatest in the lungs and why

A

base of lungs

more weight at bottom and more air goes there

39
Q

what does perfusion depend on

A

gravity and posture

40
Q

po2 co2 relationship at top of lungs

A

high po2

low pco2

41
Q

po2 co2 relationship at bottom of lungs

A

low po2

high pco2

42
Q

does blood flow or ventilation increase more as you go lower in the lungs

A

blood flow increases more dramatically

43
Q

how does V/Q change in top and bottom of lungs

A

top of lungs has high V/Q

bottom of lungs has low V/Q

44
Q

what is pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction

A

low O2 to capillary, vasoconstrict to increase flow to an alveoli that works

45
Q

what happens when theres decreased blood flow to a region of the lungs

A

bronchoconstriction (less co2 carried to the alveoli) so there is decreased air flow and it is rediverted to a better area

46
Q

where is circuclation is there the most similar amount of pco2 and po2

A

venous

47
Q

what determines alveolar po2 (3)

A

PO2 of atmospheric air
the rate of alveolar ventilation
the rate of total-body oxygen consumption

Physiology (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions