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Physiology > resp-2 volumes and capacities > Flashcards

resp-2 volumes and capacities Flashcards

1
Q

what is spirometry

A

pulmonary function test to determine the amount and the rate of inspired and expired air

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2
Q

what is tidal volume

TV

A

volume of air moved in or out of the resp. tract during each ventilatory cycle

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3
Q

what is inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

A

additional volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled following a normal inspiration, max inspiration

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4
Q

expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

A

additional volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled following a normal expiration, max voluntary expiration

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5
Q

residual volume (RV)

A

volume of air remaining in the lungs after a max expiration

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6
Q

can residual volume be measured with spirometry test

A

nooooo

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7
Q

how to measure residual volume (formula)

A

RV=FRC-ERV

=functional residual capacity-expiratory reserve volume

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8
Q

how to measure capacities? aka, what do they correspond to?

A

the sum of 2 or more lung volumes

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9
Q

vital capacity definition

A

the max volume that can be forcibly exhaled after a max inspiration

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10
Q

vital capacity formula

A

tidal volume+inspiratory reserve volume+expiratory reserve volume

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11
Q

inspiratory capacity definition

A

max volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled

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12
Q

Inspiratory capacity formula

A

tidal volume+ inspiratory reserve volume

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13
Q

functional residual capacity definition

A

volume of air remaining in the lungs at the endo f a normal expiration

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14
Q

functional residual capacity formula

A

residual volume+ expiratory reserve volume

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15
Q

total lung capacity definition

A

the volume of air in the lungs after a max inspiration

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16
Q

what is the anatomic dead space

A

the air that doesn’t get refreshed or used, breathed in but not available for gas exchange and moves out

17
Q

minute total ventilation formula

A

tidal volume x resp. frequency

18
Q

what is alveolar ventilation

A

amount of air moved into the alveoli per minute

it depends on the anatomical dead space!

19
Q

is alveolar ventical or minute ventilation biiger

A

minute ventilation

20
Q

is anatomical dead space constant

A

yes, constant regardless of breath size

21
Q

alveolar ventilation volume

A

(tidal volume-anatomical dead space)x frequency

22
Q

is increasing rate or depth better for increasing alveolar ventilation

A

increase depth

23
Q

what is FEV1

A

forced expiratory volume in one second

24
Q

what is FVC

A

forced vital capacity

total amount of air blown out in one breath after max inspiration as fast as possible

25
Q

what does FVC equal

A

vital capacity

TV + IRV + ERV

26
Q

what is FEV1/FVC

A

proportion of the amount of air that is blown out in 1 second

27
Q

where is the difficulty in the obstructive pattern of breathing

A

difficulty in exhaling all of the air from the lungs, slower exhale, lots of air may remain in the lungs

28
Q

what kind of diseases have obstructive pattern

A

CF, asthma

29
Q

is FEV1 or FVC reduced in obstructive patterns

A

FEV1 significantly, FVC normal or reduced

30
Q

what happens to FEV1/FCV in obstructive patter

A

reduced, <0.7

31
Q

where is the difficulty in the restrictive pattern of breathing

A

they cannot fully fill their lungs with air

32
Q

why does restrictive pattern happened

A

stuff lungs

33
Q

what kind of diseases show restrictive pattern

A

lung fibrosis, scarring of lung tissue, muscular dystrophy

34
Q

is FEV1 or FVC reduced in restrictive patterns

A

both

reduced vital capacity

35
Q

what happens to FEV1/FCV in restrictive patter

A

almost normal!

they can breathe out fine, just not much air to begin with

36
Q

what do they measure using helium

A

functional residual capacity (rv+ erv) bu measuring dilution concentrations
v2=v1(c1-c2)/c2

Physiology (32 decks)

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