Regulation of Gene Expression

Question 1

What is Translation control?

Answer 1

Cytoplasm the mRNA associates with ribosomes which translate RNA into a protein

Question 2

What are multiple bubbles?

Answer 2

Ribosomed attaching to each mRNA

Question 3

When does translation control occur?

Answer 3

In time mRNA is degraded (half life)

Question 4

How does the half-life affect mRNA?

Answer 4

Cell can regulate gene expression levels

Question 5

When does Translation initiation occur?

Answer 5

when tRNA carrying a methionine associates with a small ribosomal unit with eIF2

Question 6

What allows the large subunit to bind in initiation?

Answer 6

eIF4G and eIF4E initiation factors are capped from mRNA and scan for start codon AUG

Question 7

What are the 4 Stages of Translation elongation?

Answer 7

An aminoacyl - E site released
Carboxyl end of polypeptide chain uncoupled and AA attaches to new tRNA
Large ribosomal unit steps one codon along
Small ribosomal unit steps 1 codon along so new peptidyl generates new A site

Question 8

What happens during Translation termination?

Answer 8

Protein synthesis stops when ribisome encounters stop codon, free carboxyl end

Question 9

What happens during alternative splicing?

Answer 9

Exons can be joined together in a variety of ways