Muscle Tissue

Question 1

What are the functions of Skeletal muscle?

Answer 1

Movement
Maintenance of posture
Support soft tissues
Sphincter function
Thermoregulation

Question 2

Describe the Cells of skeletal muscle?

Answer 2

Large multinucleated cells (fibres)

Question 3

Describe formation of skeletal muscle?

Answer 3

Fused myoblasts surrounded by loose connective tissue (contain collagen and elastin fibres) merge into the tendon at sites of muscle attachment

Question 4

Describe Muscle Fibres?

Answer 4

Non-dividing cells surrounded by satellite cells

Question 5

What is Muscle Cell Membrane called?

Answer 5

Sarcolemma

Question 6

What type of Tissue in Skeletal muscle?

Answer 6

Striated Voluntary muscle

Question 7

What are Satellite cells?

Answer 7

Undifferentiated muscle stem cells with regenerative potential

Question 8

What is the Function of Satellite cells?

Answer 8

Reserve that can be activated to replace or increase muscle

Question 9

What is Muscle composed of?

Answer 9

1) muscle fibre (fused myocytes) surrounded by endomysium
2) Bundles of 1 form of muscle fascicle surrounded by perimysium
3) Bundles of 2 form muscle surrounded by epimysium

Question 10

What is Inside the Muscle fibre?

Answer 10

Myofilamets - thin filaments (actin, tropomyosin, troponin) and thick filaments (myosin)
Bundles of 1 form myofribrils surrounded by sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

Describe Function Transverse Tubules?

Answer 11

Form tunnels through muscle fibre and encircle myofibrils, conduct AP for initiation of contraction

Question 12

What is a Sarcomere?

Answer 12

Smallest functional unit of muscle

Question 13

Describe Z band?

Answer 13

Bound sarcomere, formed by protein that supports the thin filaments

Question 14

Describe I bands?

Answer 14

Light in appearance , consist of thin filaments

Question 15

Describe A bands?

Answer 15

Dark in appearance, consist of thick filaments

Question 16

Describe M line?

Answer 16

Consist of proteins supporting the thick filaments

Question 17

Describe the H zone?

Answer 17

Contains thick filaments only

Question 18

Describe the Zone of Overlap?

Answer 18

Contains both thick and thin filaments, contraction achieved by sliding motion between both filaments

Question 19

What are the differences between Cardiac and Skeletal muscle?

Answer 19

Only found in Heart (cardiocytes)
Not fused (single nucleus) branched
Smaller than skeletal muscle fibres

Question 20

Describe Cardiac muscle?

Answer 20

Intercalated discs at end of cardiocytes

Convolutions of sarcolemma between cardiocytes with gap junctions and desmosomes

Question 21

What can the Cardiac muscle do?

Answer 21

Stabilise the tissue by exchanging ions and small molecules allowing spread of action potentials

Question 22

Why can Cardiac muscle cause Medical problems?

Answer 22

No regeneration of Cardiocytes which is why heart muscle can slowly degenerate with age

Question 23

What cells in Cardiac muscle stimulate Contractions?

Answer 23

Pacemaker cells, nervous system can only alter rate of activity

Question 24

What kind of Muscle is Cardiac muscle?

Answer 24

Striated Involuntary muscle

Question 25

Where can Smooth muscle be located?

Answer 25

``` Cardiovascular system Skin Respiratory system Digestive Urinary Reproductive ```

Question 26

Describe Structure of Smooth muscle cells?

Answer 26

Small, slender, tapering with a single nucleus (not fused) | No sarcomeres

Question 27

Where are the Sarcomeres in Smooth Muscle Cell?

Answer 27

Actin and Myosin are scattered throughout the cell

Question 28

Where is the Thin filament in the Smooth muscle?

Answer 28

Anchored to dense bodies located underneath the cell membrane

Question 29

Where is the sites of the Cell-Cell attachment?

Answer 29

Outside of cell along with matrix proteins and connective tissue

Question 30

What is Smooth muscle capable of?

Answer 30

Division and tissue regeneration, can trigger own contractility or be innervated

Question 31

What is Smooth muscle known as?

Answer 31

Non-striated Involuntary muscle