Epithelium Tissues

Question 1

What are the 3 Primitive Germ cell layers?

Answer 1

Mesoderm, Endoderm, Ectoderm

Question 2

Which germ cell layer creates Connective and Muscular Tissue?

Answer 2

Mesoderm

Question 3

Which germ cell layer creates Nervous Tissue?

Answer 3

Ectoderm

Question 4

Which germ cell layer creates Epithelium?

Answer 4

All 3 germ cells

Question 5

What do Epithelial tissues do?

Answer 5

Serve as protective layers and secrete body organs/systems

Question 6

Describe Epithelial Tissues?

Answer 6

Formed into tightly cohesive cellular sheets, Line body surfaces i.e exocrine ducts
, Form function units of secretory glands i.e sweat

Question 7

What are the Common attributes of Epithelial Tissue?

Answer 7

Limited intercellular space - special juntions as barriers
Single/Multiple Cell layers - form linings or coverings
Free Apical Surfaces - cells face internal lumens
Basement Membrane - attaches to underlying tissue
Mitotic Capibility -repair regenerate

Question 8

What are the Distinctive Features of Epithelial Tissue?

Answer 8

Distinguished tissue of most organs
All vital traffic of body passes here
High capacity for regeneration

Question 9

Describe the 2 structural characteristics of Epithelial Tissue?

Answer 9

Arrangment of cell layers - simple, stratified, pseudostratified
Cell shape - squamous,cuboidal,columnar,transitional

Question 10

How can you Classify Simple, Stratified and Pseudostratified cells?

Answer 10

Simple- one cell thick
Stratified - many cells thick bottom layer contact with basement membrane
Pseudostratified - More than one cell thick all cells rest on basement membrane

Question 11

Give an Example of Simple Squamous cells?

Answer 11

Alveoli and Capillaries of Lungs

Question 12

Give an Example of Simple cuboidal cells?

Answer 12

Kidney tubule

Question 13

Give an Example of Simple Columnar cells?

Answer 13

Small intestine

Question 14

Give an Example of Transitional cells?

Answer 14

Only in urinary tract

Question 15

Give an Example of Stratified squamous?

Answer 15

Oesophagus

Question 16

Give an Example of Keratinised Stratified squamous?

Answer 16

Found in skin

Question 17

Give an Example of Pseudostratified?

Answer 17

Trache

Question 18

Give an Example of stratified cuboidal?

Answer 18

Sweat gland

Question 19

Give an Example of stratified columnar?

Answer 19

Salivary gland

Question 20

What is on the Basal surface of Epithelia?

Answer 20

Basement membrane - seperates underlying connective tissue, permeable filter

Question 21

What are the 2 Parts of the Basement Membrane?

Answer 21

Basal Lamina - supports sheet between epithelium and connective tissue
Basement membranre - BL plus reticular fibre layer

Question 22

What is on the Apical surface of Epithelia?

Answer 22

Microvilli - finger like extensions good for absorption

Cilia - motile extensions move mucus in one direction

Question 23

Give an Example of Microvilli?

Answer 23

Small intestine

Question 24

Give an Example of Cilia?

Answer 24

Trachea

Question 25

What is on the Lateral Surface of Epithelia?

Answer 25

Desmosome - cadherin proteins, adhesive spots Tight junction - nothing passes Gap junction - spot like junction, small molecules pass

Question 26

What is Glandular Epithelium?

Answer 26

Aggregates E cells clustered together to perform secretory functions

Question 27

What are the 2 classifications of Glands?

Answer 27

Exocrine - pour products into ducts that open into lumen | Endocrine - no duct system, secrete into empty tissue spaces

Question 28

What are the 3 Secretory Mechanisms?

Answer 28

Merocrine - secretion passes from cells without damage - exocytosis Holocrine - involves death of cell - sebaceous gland Apocrine - apical end pinched off - mammary gland

Question 29

What is the Morphological classification of glands?

Answer 29

Simple - single tube Compound - branched Secretory - tubular, alveolar (grape) saccular (pouch)

Question 30

Give an Example of Simple Tubular glands?

Answer 30

Colon

Question 31

What does Epithelial Membranes do?

Answer 31

Thin sheets of flexible tissue line parts of body - membrane

Question 32

What are the 3 types of Epithelial membranes?

Answer 32

Mucous, Serous, Cutaneous, Synovial (only connective tissue for synovial joints)

Question 33

Describe Serous membranes?

Answer 33

Simple squamous, line closed body cavities, lubrication

Question 34

Describe Mucous Membranes?

Answer 34

Lines cavities open to outside, mucus cells

Question 35

Describe Cutaneous membranes?

Answer 35

Skin, Stratified squamous epithelium - covers outer surface of body

Question 36

Describe Synovial Membranes?

Answer 36

Joints synovial fluid - lines cavities of moveable joints

Question 37

What are the 2 Layers of Serous membranes?

Answer 37

Parietal - attaches to body wall around organ | Visceral - attaches to organs itself

Question 38

What are the 3 types of Carcinoma of Epithelial Tissue?

Answer 38

Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Basal Cell Carinoma Malignant melenoma