Protein Synthesis - Transcription Flashcards
What is the first stage of Protein Synthesis called?
Transcription
What are the two types of regions in DNA?
- Coding region (genes)
- Junk DNA/ Non=coding region (flanking regions)
What is the flanking region?
Regions of non-coding DNA surrounding either side of DNA
What is the flanking region found before a gene called?
Upstream DNA
What is What is the flanking region found after a gene called?
Downstream DNA
What enzyme binds to DNA to begin protein synthesis?
RNA Polymerase
Where does the RNA Polymerase bind to the DNA?
Binds to Promoter Region/TATA Box
Found in upstream region near adjacent to gene
What does the RNA Polymerase do to the DNA
It breaks hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs and separates the strands
What is the top strand of DNA called, and what is it’s direction?
Coding strand - 5’ to 3’
What is the bottom strand of DNA called and what is it’s direction?
Template Strand - 3’ to 5’
What and where is the start triplet
ATG, found at the end of promoter region and signifies the start of the gene.
What does the RNA Polymerase do once it reaches the start triplet?
The enzyme starts matchting complementary RNA bases to template strand creating a copy of the Coding Strand
What part of the DNA does all of the process of Transcription occur?
Template Strand
What is the difference between the newly created RNA strand and the coding strand
Everything is the same, except all Thymine bases are replaced with Uracil
When does the RNA Polymerase stop doing it’s job?
Once it reaches the Stop Triplet
