CRISPR-Cas9 - Gene Editting Flashcards

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1
Q

Why do scientists use CRISPR-Cas9 system?

A
  • Allows for easy and efficient gene editing
  • Is one of the cheapest methods of gene editing
  • Can be used to accomplish a multitude of purposes
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2
Q

How is CRISPR-Cas9 used?

Simplified process

A

Enables the use of a synthetic guide piece of RNA (synthetic guide RNA - sgRNA) to direct the molecular scissors (Cas9) to target DNA to be cut.

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3
Q

What is another name for gRNA in terms of gene editting?

A

sgRNA (synthetic guide RNA)

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4
Q

How is sgRNA created?

A

Scientists create a complementary RNA sequence about 20 bases long to gene that wants to be cut. It is then presented to the Cas9 protein.

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5
Q

Describe some potential outcomes scientists can achieve through Cas9 proteins cutting DNA

A
  • Research cut genes
  • ‘Knock out genes’
  • Introduce specific mutations
  • Edit faulty alleles of genes for people with disease
  • Replace faulty parts of gene
  • Activate or repress genes
  • Add new gene to genome
  • Modify organsims to gain characteristics
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