Cellular Respiration - Reference to Notebook Annotations

Question 1

State stage 1 found in Glycolysis

Reference to what happens to Glucose

Answer 1

Glucose is split into Pyruvate in the cytoplasm. This produces 2 ATP, and the loaded, high energy coenzyme NADH. This is called Glycolysis.

Question 2

State stage 2 found in Krebs Cycle

Reference to What happens to pyruvate

Answer 2

Pyruvate moves into the matrix of the mitochondria, where it changes into Acetyl CoA. A molecule of CO2 is released.

Question 3

State stage 3 found in Krebs Cycle

Reference to what occurs with Acetyl CoA

Answer 3

A 4C compound reacts with Acetyl CoA to give a 6C compound

Question 4

State stage 4 found in Krebs Cycle

Reference to what happens to 6C compound

Answer 4

A molecule of CO2 forms again as 6C is converted to a 5C compound. NADH is also formed.

Question 5

State stage 5 found in Krebs Cycle

Reference to what happens to 5C compound

Answer 5

A 4C compound in formed, providing another CO2 and more NADH.

Question 6

State stage 6 found in Krebs Cycle

Reference to end of Krebs Cycle

Answer 6

The 4C compound is converted to another 4C compound, producing 1 ATP and a high energy, loaded coenzyme FADH2.

End of Krebs Cycle

Question 7

State stage 7 found in Electron Transport Chain

Reference to First protein pump

Answer 7

NADH drops off e- and H+ at the first protein pump. The e- provides energy to pump the H+ into the intermembrane space.

Question 8

State stage 8 found in the Electron Transport Chain

Reference to FADH2

Answer 8

FADH2 unloads two e- and H+ at the second protein pump. These e-s move onto the next protein, and again provide energy to pump more H+ into the intermembrane space.

Question 9

State stage 9 found in the Electron Transport Chain

Reference to Final Pump

Answer 9

The e- reaches the final pump. It is removed by oxygen. It is the terminal electron acceptor. Removing the final electron in this way ensures the flow of e-s can continue and H+ pumps can still work. Oxygen combines iwth e- and H+ to give water.

Question 10

State stage 10 found in the Electron Transport Chain

Reference to ATP

Answer 10

The H+ move down the channel. The flow of them provides energy to the enzyme ATP synthase, which converts 34 ADP+P to 34 ATP. This gives a maximum, theoretical yield of 38 ATP per glucose.

Question 11

What is the cristae and why is it folded?

Answer 11

The cristae is the folded membrane found within the mitochondria, and is folded to increase surface area. The Electron Transport chain is found on the cristae.